### Rationale for this change
The current version of google-cloud-cpp used by Arrow does not build with OpenSSL 4.x
### What changes are included in this PR?
This change applies a patch to google-cloud-cpp as a workaround for OpenSSL 4.x compatibility.
### Are these changes tested?
Yes.
### Are there any user-facing changes?
No.
### Was AI used for this PR?
In accordance to the [AI generation guidelines](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/dev/developers/overview.html#ai-generated-code), please disclose below whether and how AI was used in this PR.
**PR code and description written by:**
- [x] Human
- [ ] AI
**Reviewed before submission by:**
- [x] Human
- [ ] AI
- [ ] Not reviewed
* GitHub Issue: #51634
Lead-authored-by: Hiroyuki Sato <hiroysato@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@cozmixng.org>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>
