Files
RustPython/Lib/test/test_bytes.py
T
Jeong, YunWon 86d9407b3d Raise where the fuzzer found aborts and stack overflows, and collect with the count in the object header (#8551)
* Correct what the non-unix frame stack is for

The comment said non-unix threading builds have no stop-the-world.
CollectStopTheWorld is gated on `feature = "threading"` alone, and
sys._current_frames stops the world on both paths; the field is the
fallback a reader uses when there is no `top_iframe` to materialize from.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Seek by the whole file position on Windows

`SetFilePointer` answers with the low half of the new position and signals
failure with INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER, which is also that half of a
position four gigabytes in; telling them apart takes the error code, which
this did not read, so such a seek was reported as an error. Deciding
seekability from it also called such a file unseekable.

`SetFilePointerEx` returns the whole position and a success flag of its
own, which also removes the transmute of the position into halves.

Assisted-by: Claude

* memoryview: tell a value of the wrong kind from one that does not fit

Assigning an item reported every packing failure as a TypeError, so
m[0] = 300 on a 'B' view said the value was the wrong type rather than out
of range. Packing now says which of the two it was, and whether the value's
own code raised, in which case that error is the answer as it is:

    m[0] = 300                       ValueError: invalid value for format 'B'
    m[0] = "x"                       TypeError: invalid type for format 'B'
    m[0] = <__index__ that raises>   the raised error

`struct` reports both as `struct.error` and is unchanged; the kind travels
beside the exception for the caller that tells them apart.

Also: None was read as a deletion, so m[0] = None answered "cannot delete
memory" instead of packing it; and deleting through the mapping protocol
never reached the read-only check, which comes first.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Raise MemoryError for allocations sized by Python input

os.read, _RawIOBase.read, int.to_bytes, struct.pack, ctypes array
creation and the _ssl RAND functions sized a Vec from a Python-supplied
length with vec![], which calls handle_alloc_error and, under
panic = "abort", ends the process. They now allocate through
vm.new_zeroed_bytes and raise MemoryError.

itertools.product built its pools without checking that
len(iterables) * repeat is representable; it now raises OverflowError
"repeat argument too large" and reserves the pool and index vectors
fallibly. repeat is read as isize, so a negative one raises ValueError
"repeat argument cannot be negative" instead of the conversion's message.

_ssl.RAND_bytes and RAND_pseudo_bytes read n as i32, matching the int
they are declared with.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Collect with the count in the object header

A collection kept the count it was working with in a table keyed by the
object's address, and the objects it had proved reachable in a second one.
Between them they were hashed once per candidate and twice per edge in the
heap, which is where most of a collection over a live heap went.

The count now lives in `PyInner::gc_refs`, with `GcBits::COLLECTING` saying
it is meaningful, and reachability is `gc_refs == GC_REACHABLE` rather than
membership in a set. Step 5 splits the candidates and clears the bit in one
pass. gcbench, five interleaved pairs, median: a live heap of 423k objects
goes from 0.101s to 0.055s and a dead one from 0.402s to 0.383s.

The bits, generation, owner and count take eight bytes between them. A
64-bit header had those eight as the padding its alignment forces, so it is
unchanged at 48 bytes; a 32-bit header grows from 24 to 28.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Take an explicit thread stack size as a floor in debug builds

A debug build already started Python threads on 8 MiB rather than Rust's
2 MiB default, but an explicit threading.stack_size(N) went through
verbatim. test_threading asks for 256 KiB, and starting a thread on that
walked off the end of the stack: the guard page fault landed in the
prologue of ExecutingFrame::run.

Unoptimized, that prologue reserves 80,848 bytes where the optimized one
reserves 656 -- execute_instruction is #[inline(always)] and LLVM only
colors stack slots from opt-level 1, so the frame is the sum of all 200
instruction arms' temporaries rather than the largest. A Python call costs
88,672 bytes of native stack there, and threading's bootstrap is six
frames deep, so 256 KiB holds less than half of what starting a thread
takes.

The floor reaches thread::Builder only; threading.stack_size() still
answers with what was asked for, and release builds are unchanged.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Check the native stack on every frame entry

The C-stack guard ran on one frame entry in eight. That asks the margin to
cover eight frames rather than one, and it does not: an unoptimized frame
entered through native code takes 88,672 bytes against a debug margin of
262,144. A recursion whose steps re-enter that way -- `__add__` calling
itself, a sort key that sorts -- ran off the end of the stack instead of
raising RecursionError. On a debug build `class Add: __add__ = lambda s, o:
s + o; Add() + 1` segfaulted on the main thread; it now raises, as it does
under CPython and in release builds.

enter_iframe checked and then called enter_iframe_unchecked, which checked
again; it now leaves the check to the one call.

Measured on a call-dominated benchmark, five interleaved pairs: instructions
retired go up 0.17%, about four per call, which is the stack pointer read
and the compare.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Take an iterable's length hint when a list is filled from it

`map_py_iter` read `__length_hint__` only to pass it to `PyIterIter`, and
returned an empty vector when the hint was `isize::MAX` or more. Collecting
through `PyResult` dropped the iterator's lower bound, so nothing reserved
the room the hint asked for.

`list()`, `list.extend()` and `list.__iadd__()` now reserve it and report a
hint they cannot honour as `MemoryError`; a hint that leaves no room for the
elements the list already holds is passed over, as `list_extend()` does.
`tuple()` and the other callers keep filling up without reserving.

`length_hint_opt` errors other than the `TypeError` it already turns into
`None` now reach the caller instead of being dropped.

`__iadd__` and `inplace_concat` went through `extract_cloned`, which reads
`__len__` and not `__length_hint__`; both call `PyList::extend` now, the way
`list_inplace_concat()` calls `list_extend()`.

The tuple, list and dict fast paths of `extract_elements_inner` reserve their
known length, which the `collect()` they used dropped.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Drop map.__length_hint__

`map_methods` has no `__length_hint__`, so `operator.length_hint()` on a map
answers 0, not the length of what it draws from.

The method walked into the length hint of every iterator it holds, and a
chain of maps 10000 long overflowed the native stack answering for the
outermost one. It also took the longest of its iterators, where a map stops
at the shortest.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Ask for a length hint where each caller asks for it

`map_py_iter` asked the iterable it was handed, for every caller, and reported
what asking raised. Only some callers ask it: `list_extend()` and
`_PyBytes_FromIterator()` ask the iterable, `PySequence_Tuple()` asks the
iterator, and the bytearray constructor asks nothing. `tuple()`, `min()`,
`max()`, `collections.deque()` and `f(*x)` raised for an iterable whose
`__len__` or `__length_hint__` does, where they answer.

Which object is asked is now the caller's to say. `sorted()` asks the iterable,
being `PySequence_List()`.

`bytes_from_object()` stood in for `PyBytes_FromObject()`, for
`bytearray_extend()` and for the bytearray constructor, which do not agree on
this: the first two ask, the last does not. It is split, and assigning to a
bytearray slice takes the constructor's side with `PyByteArray_FromObject()`.

`list.extend()` counted what it held before the iterable had been asked, where
`list_extend()` reads `Py_SIZE(self)` after. A `__length_hint__` that adds to
the list made the overflow guard read a count too small and raise `MemoryError`
where nothing is wrong; one that empties it made the guard skip a reservation
that cannot be served.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Settle product's pool count before it reads its arguments

`product_new()` checks `repeat` and works out `npools` before it calls
`PySequence_Tuple()` on any argument, and fills the pools `npools` times.

The pools were filled by repeating the arguments `repeat` times instead, which
walks that many steps even with no arguments to repeat: `product(repeat=2**62)`
counted up to it rather than answering `[()]`. The count was also worked out
after the arguments had been read, so a repeat too large to serve ran their
code first.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Let the bool format answer with the error its value raised

`pack_single()` leaves `'?'` to `PyObject_IsTrue()` and returns what that
raised. Packing classified the error instead, so a `ValueError` from a
`__bool__` came back as "memoryview: invalid value for format '?'".

Assisted-by: Claude

* Release a cell's old value after the lock

`PyCell::set` dropped what it replaced while still holding the mutex guarding
the cell contents. A `__del__` running from that drop and reading the same cell
waited on a lock its own caller held, so `del it` on a closure variable whose
value has such a `__del__` deadlocked.

The replaced value is now released once the guard is gone, as `Py_XSETREF`
stores before it decrefs.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Have a set iterator hold the set it iterates

The iterator kept only a reference to the inner hash table, so in
`it = iter(A(*args))` the `A()` temporary was the last owner and died as the
call returned, before `it` was bound. A `__del__` reading `it` there saw an
unbound name and its error was printed and ignored.

The iterator now holds the set object, as `si_set` does, and releases it once
exhausted. That release happens after the lock is dropped, where
`setiter_iternext()` puts its `Py_DECREF(so)` past `Py_END_CRITICAL_SECTION()`,
so a `__del__` that iterates again does not wait on a lock the call holds.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Release an exhausted iterator's container after the lock

`PositionIterInternal::_next` overwrote its `IterStatus::Active` while the
caller still held the mutex around it. Dropping the container there ran any
`__del__` under that lock, and a `__del__` that iterated the same object again
blocked on it.

`exhaust()` now hands the container back instead of dropping it, and
`locked_step()` releases it after the guard. list, list_reverseiterator, tuple,
str, dict and its views and reverse views, bytes, bytearray, memoryview,
array, deque, and the enumerate and sequence iterators all go through it.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Unskip test_free_after_iterating

Assisted-by: Claude

* Stop listing test_set as an environment polluter

`check_free_after_iterating` no longer leaves an ignored exception behind, and
the job that reruns the listed tests ten times fails once one of them stops
polluting.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Drop winsound imports left unused

`TryFromBorrowedObject`, `exceptions`, and `ToWideString` have no reference in
the module, which fails the Windows clippy line under `-Dwarnings`.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Ask nothing where the caller takes no room

`map_py_iter` asked the iterator for a length hint on behalf of every caller
that does not reserve, and reported what asking raised. Those callers ask
nothing at all: `tuple()`, `f(*x)`, `bytearray(x)`, `min()`, `max()` and
`collections.deque()` answer for an iterator whose `__length_hint__` raises,
where they had been raising it.

The answer was also never spent. It reached `PyIterIter` for a `size_hint()`
the push loop does not read, so the lookup and any call it made were work
thrown away: `tuple()` over a generator drops 22% of its instructions, and 17%
over an iterator with a `__length_hint__` written in Python.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Stop asking an iterator how long it is to walk it

`PyIter::iter` and `PyIter::into_iter` asked for a length hint and reported
what asking raised. Nothing spent the answer: it reached `PyIterIter` for a
`size_hint()` that every caller either loops past or drops, since collecting
into a `Result` reports no lower bound.

23 operations answered for an iterator whose `__length_hint__` raises, where
they had been raising it: `set`, `frozenset` and the nine `set` methods that
take an iterable, `dict.fromkeys` and the dict view operators, `array` and
`array.extend`, `all`, `any`, `sum`, `io.writelines`, `math.fsum`,
`math.prod`, and `csv.writerow` and `writerows`.

Over a generator, `set()` drops 16% of its instructions and `all()` 23%.

`str.join` and `bytes.join` do ask, reaching their elements through
`PySequence_Fast()`, which fills a list from the iterator. They take
`iter_sized()`, which is now the only way to ask. `iter_without_hint` is gone,
its callers being what `iter` already does.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Name the matrix jobs rather than let the matrix name them

A generated job name lists every value in the matrix entry, so `cargo check`
carried the booleans its dependencies and `skip_ssl` keys expand to, and the
snippets job carried its test arguments and timeout. Adding or removing a key
renames the check, which drops it from the required list until that list is
edited to match. Emptying `env_polluting_tests` renamed three checks this way.

`Run rust tests` and `clippy` keep the names they had. `cargo check` drops the
booleans from six of its nine, and the snippets job drops its arguments and
timeout from all three.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Keep a sequence iterator active when an element raises

`PositionIterInternal::_next` exhausted the iterator for any non-`Return`
result, so an error from `__getitem__` ended the walk. `iter_iternext()`
lets go of its sequence for `IndexError` and `StopIteration` alone, and
`PyIterReturn::from_getitem_result` has already turned the first of those
into the second, so only `StopIteration` exhausts now.

Both deque iterators keep exhausting on their own mutation guard, which
`deque_iternext()` does by zeroing the counter before it raises; they
share one step function for it, and the message it raises is lowercased
to match the three other sites in the module.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Name the caller in the bytes conversion TypeError

An object with no iteration protocol reached `PyObject_GetIter`'s "not
iterable" message, and `bytearray.extend()` reported bytes. Each entry
point now checks for the protocol first and names itself:

    bytes(object())               cannot convert 'object' object to bytes
    bytearray(object())           cannot convert 'object' object to bytearray
    bytearray().extend(object())  can't extend bytearray with object

Assisted-by: Claude

* Take a strong count too large to hold as reachable

`start_gc_refs` clipped a count at `GC_REACHABLE - 1`, a number the
per-reference subtraction could still walk down to zero and collect a
live object. It now stores `GC_REACHABLE`, and `subtract_gc_ref` leaves
that value alone.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Raise AssertionError where a snippet asserts False

`assert False` is removed under `-O`, which the snippet suite may run.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Keep raising for a collection that moved under its iterator

A deque, set or dict iterator raised once and then read as spent. The
guard is sticky: `deque_iternext()` looks at the deque's state before the
count it keeps, and `dictiter_iternextkey()` and `setiter_iternext()`
write a size no collection can have, so every later call finds the same
thing and raises again. `dequereviter_next()` is the one exception,
looking at its count first, so it runs out after the first raise.

Both deque iterators now carry `dequeiterobject.counter` rather than
reading a length back from the deque, and the dict and set iterators
compare the size they captured against the collection's own every time
they are asked how much is left, which is what makes that answer nothing
from the moment the collection changes rather than only once the
iterator has raised.

The set's message is capitalized to match `setiter_iternext()`.

Measured against 3.14.6, for each of deque, reversed deque, set, dict
and a reversed dict view: the hint after the change, the error, the hint
after the error, and what a later call answers.

Assisted-by: Claude

* Give apt-get update a deadline to fail on

The step waits on `apt-get update`, which has no deadline of its own, so
a source that takes the connection and then stops answering holds the
job until the workflow's own timeout. The retry that disables the
Microsoft and azure-cli sources runs only when the update exits
non-zero, which a held connection never does; three jobs on this branch
sat on this step for 20 minutes to five and a half hours.

Each attempt is now bounded, and the transports are given a timeout, so
a source that stops answering reaches the retry.

Assisted-by: Claude
2026-08-20 07:08:03 +09:00

2843 lines
105 KiB
Python
Vendored

"""Unit tests for the bytes and bytearray types.
XXX This is a mess. Common tests should be unified with string_tests.py (and
the latter should be modernized).
"""
import array
import operator
import os
import re
import sys
import copy
import functools
import pickle
import tempfile
import textwrap
import threading
import unittest
import test.support
from test import support
from test.support import import_helper
from test.support import threading_helper
from test.support import warnings_helper
import test.string_tests
import test.list_tests
from test.support import bigaddrspacetest, MAX_Py_ssize_t
from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_failure
if sys.flags.bytes_warning:
def check_bytes_warnings(func):
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kw):
with warnings_helper.check_warnings(('', BytesWarning)):
return func(*args, **kw)
return wrapper
else:
# no-op
def check_bytes_warnings(func):
return func
class Indexable:
def __init__(self, value=0):
self.value = value
def __index__(self):
return self.value
class BaseBytesTest:
def assertTypedEqual(self, actual, expected):
self.assertIs(type(actual), type(expected))
self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
def test_basics(self):
b = self.type2test()
self.assertEqual(type(b), self.type2test)
self.assertEqual(b.__class__, self.type2test)
def test_copy(self):
a = self.type2test(b"abcd")
for copy_method in (copy.copy, copy.deepcopy):
b = copy_method(a)
self.assertEqual(a, b)
self.assertEqual(type(a), type(b))
def test_empty_sequence(self):
b = self.type2test()
self.assertEqual(len(b), 0)
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[0])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[1])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[sys.maxsize])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[sys.maxsize+1])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[10**100])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[-1])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[-2])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[-sys.maxsize])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[-sys.maxsize-1])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[-sys.maxsize-2])
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b[-10**100])
def test_from_iterable(self):
b = self.type2test(range(256))
self.assertEqual(len(b), 256)
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(256)))
# Non-sequence iterable.
b = self.type2test({42})
self.assertEqual(b, b"*")
b = self.type2test({43, 45})
self.assertIn(tuple(b), {(43, 45), (45, 43)})
# Iterator that has a __length_hint__.
b = self.type2test(iter(range(256)))
self.assertEqual(len(b), 256)
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(256)))
# Iterator that doesn't have a __length_hint__.
b = self.type2test(i for i in range(256) if i % 2)
self.assertEqual(len(b), 128)
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(256))[1::2])
# Sequence without __iter__.
class S:
def __getitem__(self, i):
return (1, 2, 3)[i]
b = self.type2test(S())
self.assertEqual(b, b"\x01\x02\x03")
def test_from_tuple(self):
# There is a special case for tuples.
b = self.type2test(tuple(range(256)))
self.assertEqual(len(b), 256)
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(256)))
b = self.type2test((1, 2, 3))
self.assertEqual(b, b"\x01\x02\x03")
def test_from_list(self):
# There is a special case for lists.
b = self.type2test(list(range(256)))
self.assertEqual(len(b), 256)
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(256)))
b = self.type2test([1, 2, 3])
self.assertEqual(b, b"\x01\x02\x03")
def test_from_mutating_list(self):
# Issue #34973: Crash in bytes constructor with mutating list.
class X:
def __index__(self):
a.clear()
return 42
a = [X(), X()]
self.assertEqual(bytes(a), b'*')
class Y:
def __index__(self):
if len(a) < 1000:
a.append(self)
return 42
a = [Y()]
self.assertEqual(bytes(a), b'*' * 1000) # should not crash
def test_from_index(self):
b = self.type2test([Indexable(), Indexable(1), Indexable(254),
Indexable(255)])
self.assertEqual(list(b), [0, 1, 254, 255])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [Indexable(-1)])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [Indexable(256)])
def test_from_buffer(self):
a = self.type2test(array.array('B', [1, 2, 3]))
self.assertEqual(a, b"\x01\x02\x03")
a = self.type2test(b"\x01\x02\x03")
self.assertEqual(a, b"\x01\x02\x03")
# Issues #29159 and #34974.
# Fallback when __index__ raises a TypeError
class B(bytes):
def __index__(self):
raise TypeError
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(B(b"foobar")), b"foobar")
def test_from_ssize(self):
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(0), b'')
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(1), b'\x00')
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(5), b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, -1)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test('0', 'ascii'), b'0')
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b'0'), b'0')
self.assertRaises(OverflowError, self.type2test, sys.maxsize + 1)
def test_constructor_type_errors(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, 0.0)
class C:
pass
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, ["0"])
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, [0.0])
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, [None])
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, [C()])
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, encoding='ascii')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, errors='ignore')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, 0, 'ascii')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, b'', 'ascii')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, 0, errors='ignore')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, b'', errors='ignore')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, '')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, '', errors='ignore')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, '', b'ascii')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test, '', 'ascii', b'ignore')
def test_constructor_value_errors(self):
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [-1])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [-sys.maxsize])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [-sys.maxsize-1])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [-sys.maxsize-2])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [-10**100])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [256])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [257])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [sys.maxsize])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [sys.maxsize+1])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test, [10**100])
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
@bigaddrspacetest
def test_constructor_overflow(self):
size = MAX_Py_ssize_t
self.assertRaises((OverflowError, MemoryError), self.type2test, size)
try:
# Should either pass or raise an error (e.g. on debug builds with
# additional malloc() overhead), but shouldn't crash.
bytearray(size - 4)
except (OverflowError, MemoryError):
pass
def test_constructor_exceptions(self):
# Issue #34974: bytes and bytearray constructors replace unexpected
# exceptions.
class BadInt:
def __index__(self):
1/0
self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, self.type2test, BadInt())
self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, self.type2test, [BadInt()])
class BadIterable:
def __iter__(self):
1/0
self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, self.type2test, BadIterable())
def test_compare(self):
b1 = self.type2test([1, 2, 3])
b2 = self.type2test([1, 2, 3])
b3 = self.type2test([1, 3])
self.assertEqual(b1, b2)
self.assertTrue(b2 != b3)
self.assertTrue(b1 <= b2)
self.assertTrue(b1 <= b3)
self.assertTrue(b1 < b3)
self.assertTrue(b1 >= b2)
self.assertTrue(b3 >= b2)
self.assertTrue(b3 > b2)
self.assertFalse(b1 != b2)
self.assertFalse(b2 == b3)
self.assertFalse(b1 > b2)
self.assertFalse(b1 > b3)
self.assertFalse(b1 >= b3)
self.assertFalse(b1 < b2)
self.assertFalse(b3 < b2)
self.assertFalse(b3 <= b2)
@check_bytes_warnings
def test_compare_to_str(self):
# Byte comparisons with unicode should always fail!
# Test this for all expected byte orders and Unicode character
# sizes.
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"\0a\0b\0c") == "abc", False)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"\0\0\0a\0\0\0b\0\0\0c") == "abc",
False)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"a\0b\0c\0") == "abc", False)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"a\0\0\0b\0\0\0c\0\0\0") == "abc",
False)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test() == str(), False)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test() != str(), True)
def test_reversed(self):
input = list(map(ord, "Hello"))
b = self.type2test(input)
output = list(reversed(b))
input.reverse()
self.assertEqual(output, input)
def test_getslice(self):
def by(s):
return self.type2test(map(ord, s))
b = by("Hello, world")
self.assertEqual(b[:5], by("Hello"))
self.assertEqual(b[1:5], by("ello"))
self.assertEqual(b[5:7], by(", "))
self.assertEqual(b[7:], by("world"))
self.assertEqual(b[7:12], by("world"))
self.assertEqual(b[7:100], by("world"))
self.assertEqual(b[:-7], by("Hello"))
self.assertEqual(b[-11:-7], by("ello"))
self.assertEqual(b[-7:-5], by(", "))
self.assertEqual(b[-5:], by("world"))
self.assertEqual(b[-5:12], by("world"))
self.assertEqual(b[-5:100], by("world"))
self.assertEqual(b[-100:5], by("Hello"))
def test_extended_getslice(self):
# Test extended slicing by comparing with list slicing.
L = list(range(255))
b = self.type2test(L)
indices = (0, None, 1, 3, 19, 100, sys.maxsize, -1, -2, -31, -100)
for start in indices:
for stop in indices:
# Skip step 0 (invalid)
for step in indices[1:]:
self.assertEqual(b[start:stop:step], self.type2test(L[start:stop:step]))
def test_encoding(self):
sample = "Hello world\n\u1234\u5678\u9abc"
for enc in ("utf-8", "utf-16"):
b = self.type2test(sample, enc)
self.assertEqual(b, self.type2test(sample.encode(enc)))
self.assertRaises(UnicodeEncodeError, self.type2test, sample, "latin-1")
b = self.type2test(sample, "latin-1", "ignore")
self.assertEqual(b, self.type2test(sample[:-3], "utf-8"))
def test_decode(self):
sample = "Hello world\n\u1234\u5678\u9abc"
for enc in ("utf-8", "utf-16"):
b = self.type2test(sample, enc)
self.assertEqual(b.decode(enc), sample)
sample = "Hello world\n\x80\x81\xfe\xff"
b = self.type2test(sample, "latin-1")
self.assertRaises(UnicodeDecodeError, b.decode, "utf-8")
self.assertEqual(b.decode("utf-8", "ignore"), "Hello world\n")
self.assertEqual(b.decode(errors="ignore", encoding="utf-8"),
"Hello world\n")
# Default encoding is utf-8
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b'\xe2\x98\x83').decode(), '\u2603')
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_check_encoding_errors(self):
# bpo-37388: bytes(str) and bytes.encode() must check encoding
# and errors arguments in dev mode
invalid = 'Boom, Shaka Laka, Boom!'
encodings = ('ascii', 'utf8', 'latin1')
code = textwrap.dedent(f'''
import sys
type2test = {self.type2test.__name__}
encodings = {encodings!r}
for data in ('', 'short string'):
try:
type2test(data, encoding={invalid!r})
except LookupError:
pass
else:
sys.exit(21)
for encoding in encodings:
try:
type2test(data, encoding=encoding, errors={invalid!r})
except LookupError:
pass
else:
sys.exit(22)
for data in (b'', b'short string'):
data = type2test(data)
print(repr(data))
try:
data.decode(encoding={invalid!r})
except LookupError:
sys.exit(10)
else:
sys.exit(23)
try:
data.decode(errors={invalid!r})
except LookupError:
pass
else:
sys.exit(24)
for encoding in encodings:
try:
data.decode(encoding=encoding, errors={invalid!r})
except LookupError:
pass
else:
sys.exit(25)
sys.exit(10)
''')
proc = assert_python_failure('-X', 'dev', '-c', code)
self.assertEqual(proc.rc, 10, proc)
def test_from_int(self):
b = self.type2test(0)
self.assertEqual(b, self.type2test())
b = self.type2test(10)
self.assertEqual(b, self.type2test([0]*10))
b = self.type2test(10000)
self.assertEqual(b, self.type2test([0]*10000))
def test_concat(self):
b1 = self.type2test(b"abc")
b2 = self.type2test(b"def")
self.assertEqual(b1 + b2, b"abcdef")
self.assertEqual(b1 + bytes(b"def"), b"abcdef")
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"def") + b1, b"defabc")
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: b1 + "def")
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: "abc" + b2)
def test_repeat(self):
for b in b"abc", self.type2test(b"abc"):
self.assertEqual(b * 3, b"abcabcabc")
self.assertEqual(b * 0, b"")
self.assertEqual(b * -1, b"")
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: b * 3.14)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: 3.14 * b)
# XXX Shouldn't bytes and bytearray agree on what to raise?
with self.assertRaises((OverflowError, MemoryError)):
c = b * sys.maxsize
with self.assertRaises((OverflowError, MemoryError)):
b *= sys.maxsize
def test_repeat_1char(self):
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b'x')*100, self.type2test([ord('x')]*100))
def test_contains(self):
b = self.type2test(b"abc")
self.assertIn(ord('a'), b)
self.assertIn(int(ord('a')), b)
self.assertNotIn(200, b)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: 300 in b)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: -1 in b)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: sys.maxsize+1 in b)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: None in b)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: float(ord('a')) in b)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: "a" in b)
for f in bytes, bytearray:
self.assertIn(f(b""), b)
self.assertIn(f(b"a"), b)
self.assertIn(f(b"b"), b)
self.assertIn(f(b"c"), b)
self.assertIn(f(b"ab"), b)
self.assertIn(f(b"bc"), b)
self.assertIn(f(b"abc"), b)
self.assertNotIn(f(b"ac"), b)
self.assertNotIn(f(b"d"), b)
self.assertNotIn(f(b"dab"), b)
self.assertNotIn(f(b"abd"), b)
def test_fromhex(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test.fromhex)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test.fromhex, 1)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex(''), self.type2test())
b = bytearray([0x1a, 0x2b, 0x30])
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex('1a2B30'), b)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex(' 1A 2B 30 '), b)
# check that ASCII whitespace is ignored
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex(' 1A\n2B\t30\v'), b)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex(b' 1A\n2B\t30\v'), b)
for c in "\x09\x0A\x0B\x0C\x0D\x20":
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex(c), self.type2test())
for c in "\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F\x85\xa0\u2000\u2002\u2028":
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.fromhex, c)
# Check that we can parse bytes and bytearray
tests = [
("bytes", bytes),
("bytearray", bytearray),
("memoryview", memoryview),
("array.array", lambda bs: array.array('B', bs)),
]
for name, factory in tests:
with self.subTest(name=name):
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex(factory(b' 1A 2B 30 ')), b)
# Invalid bytes are rejected
for u8 in b"\0\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F\x85\xa0":
b = bytes([30, 31, u8])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.fromhex, b)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.fromhex('0000'), b'\0\0')
with self.assertRaisesRegex(
TypeError,
r'fromhex\(\) argument must be str or bytes-like, not tuple',
):
self.type2test.fromhex(())
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.fromhex, 'a')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.fromhex, 'rt')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.fromhex, '1a b cd')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.fromhex, '\x00')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.fromhex, '12 \x00 34')
# For odd number of character(s)
for value in ("a", "aaa", "deadbee"):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
self.type2test.fromhex(value)
self.assertIn("fromhex() arg must contain an even number of hexadecimal digits", str(cm.exception))
for value, position in (("a ", 1), (" aa a ", 5), (" aa a a ", 5)):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
self.type2test.fromhex(value)
self.assertIn(f"non-hexadecimal number found in fromhex() arg at position {position}", str(cm.exception))
for data, pos in (
# invalid first hexadecimal character
('12 x4 56', 3),
# invalid second hexadecimal character
('12 3x 56', 4),
# two invalid hexadecimal characters
('12 xy 56', 3),
# test non-ASCII string
('12 3\xff 56', 4),
):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
self.type2test.fromhex(data)
self.assertIn('at position %s' % pos, str(cm.exception))
def test_hex(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test.hex)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test.hex, 1)
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"").hex(), "")
self.assertEqual(bytearray([0x1a, 0x2b, 0x30]).hex(), '1a2b30')
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"\x1a\x2b\x30").hex(), '1a2b30')
self.assertEqual(memoryview(b"\x1a\x2b\x30").hex(), '1a2b30')
def test_hex_separator_basics(self):
three_bytes = self.type2test(b'\xb9\x01\xef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(), 'b901ef')
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
three_bytes.hex('')
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
three_bytes.hex('xx')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', 0), 'b901ef')
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
three_bytes.hex(None, 0)
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
three_bytes.hex('\xff')
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
three_bytes.hex(b'\xff')
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
three_bytes.hex(b'\x80')
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
three_bytes.hex(chr(0x100))
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', 0), 'b901ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(b'\x00'), 'b9\x0001\x00ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex('\x00'), 'b9\x0001\x00ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(b'\x7f'), 'b9\x7f01\x7fef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex('\x7f'), 'b9\x7f01\x7fef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', 3), 'b901ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', 4), 'b901ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', -4), 'b901ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':'), 'b9:01:ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(b'$'), 'b9$01$ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', 1), 'b9:01:ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', -1), 'b9:01:ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', 2), 'b9:01ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', 1), 'b9:01:ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex('*', -2), 'b901*ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(sep=':', bytes_per_sep=2), 'b9:01ef')
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(sep='*', bytes_per_sep=-2), 'b901*ef')
for bytes_per_sep in 3, -3, 2**31-1, -(2**31-1):
with self.subTest(bytes_per_sep=bytes_per_sep):
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', bytes_per_sep), 'b901ef')
for bytes_per_sep in 2**31, -2**31, 2**1000, -2**1000:
with self.subTest(bytes_per_sep=bytes_per_sep):
try:
self.assertEqual(three_bytes.hex(':', bytes_per_sep), 'b901ef')
except OverflowError:
pass
value = b'{s\005\000\000\000worldi\002\000\000\000s\005\000\000\000helloi\001\000\000\0000'
self.assertEqual(value.hex('.', 8), '7b7305000000776f.726c646902000000.730500000068656c.6c6f690100000030')
def test_hex_separator_five_bytes(self):
five_bytes = self.type2test(range(90,95))
self.assertEqual(five_bytes.hex(), '5a5b5c5d5e')
def test_hex_separator_six_bytes(self):
six_bytes = self.type2test(x*3 for x in range(1, 7))
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(), '0306090c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex('.', 1), '03.06.09.0c.0f.12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(' ', 2), '0306 090c 0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex('-', 3), '030609-0c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(':', 4), '0306:090c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(':', 5), '03:06090c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(':', 6), '0306090c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(':', 95), '0306090c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex('_', -3), '030609_0c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(':', -4), '0306090c:0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(b'@', -5), '0306090c0f@12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(':', -6), '0306090c0f12')
self.assertEqual(six_bytes.hex(' ', -95), '0306090c0f12')
def test_join(self):
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"").join([]), b"")
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"").join([b""]), b"")
for lst in [[b"abc"], [b"a", b"bc"], [b"ab", b"c"], [b"a", b"b", b"c"]]:
lst = list(map(self.type2test, lst))
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"").join(lst), b"abc")
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"").join(tuple(lst)), b"abc")
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"").join(iter(lst)), b"abc")
dot_join = self.type2test(b".:").join
self.assertEqual(dot_join([b"ab", b"cd"]), b"ab.:cd")
self.assertEqual(dot_join([memoryview(b"ab"), b"cd"]), b"ab.:cd")
self.assertEqual(dot_join([b"ab", memoryview(b"cd")]), b"ab.:cd")
self.assertEqual(dot_join([bytearray(b"ab"), b"cd"]), b"ab.:cd")
self.assertEqual(dot_join([b"ab", bytearray(b"cd")]), b"ab.:cd")
# Stress it with many items
seq = [b"abc"] * 100000
expected = b"abc" + b".:abc" * 99999
self.assertEqual(dot_join(seq), expected)
# Stress test with empty separator
seq = [b"abc"] * 100000
expected = b"abc" * 100000
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b"").join(seq), expected)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b" ").join, None)
# Error handling and cleanup when some item in the middle of the
# sequence has the wrong type.
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
dot_join([bytearray(b"ab"), "cd", b"ef"])
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
dot_join([memoryview(b"ab"), "cd", b"ef"])
def test_count(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
i = 105
p = 112
w = 119
self.assertEqual(b.count(b'i'), 4)
self.assertEqual(b.count(b'ss'), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.count(b'w'), 0)
self.assertEqual(b.count(i), 4)
self.assertEqual(b.count(w), 0)
self.assertEqual(b.count(b'i', 6), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.count(b'p', 6), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.count(b'i', 1, 3), 1)
self.assertEqual(b.count(b'p', 7, 9), 1)
self.assertEqual(b.count(i, 6), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.count(p, 6), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.count(i, 1, 3), 1)
self.assertEqual(b.count(p, 7, 9), 1)
def test_startswith(self):
b = self.type2test(b'hello')
self.assertFalse(self.type2test().startswith(b"anything"))
self.assertTrue(b.startswith(b"hello"))
self.assertTrue(b.startswith(b"hel"))
self.assertTrue(b.startswith(b"h"))
self.assertFalse(b.startswith(b"hellow"))
self.assertFalse(b.startswith(b"ha"))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
b.startswith([b'h'])
exc = str(cm.exception)
self.assertIn('bytes', exc)
self.assertIn('tuple', exc)
def test_endswith(self):
b = self.type2test(b'hello')
self.assertFalse(bytearray().endswith(b"anything"))
self.assertTrue(b.endswith(b"hello"))
self.assertTrue(b.endswith(b"llo"))
self.assertTrue(b.endswith(b"o"))
self.assertFalse(b.endswith(b"whello"))
self.assertFalse(b.endswith(b"no"))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
b.endswith([b'o'])
exc = str(cm.exception)
self.assertIn('bytes', exc)
self.assertIn('tuple', exc)
def test_find(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
i = 105
w = 119
self.assertEqual(b.find(b'ss'), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.find(b'w'), -1)
self.assertEqual(b.find(b'mississippian'), -1)
self.assertEqual(b.find(i), 1)
self.assertEqual(b.find(w), -1)
self.assertEqual(b.find(b'ss', 3), 5)
self.assertEqual(b.find(b'ss', 1, 7), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.find(b'ss', 1, 3), -1)
self.assertEqual(b.find(i, 6), 7)
self.assertEqual(b.find(i, 1, 3), 1)
self.assertEqual(b.find(w, 1, 3), -1)
for index in (-1, 256, sys.maxsize + 1):
self.assertRaisesRegex(
ValueError, r'byte must be in range\(0, 256\)',
b.find, index)
def test_rfind(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
i = 105
w = 119
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(b'ss'), 5)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(b'w'), -1)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(b'mississippian'), -1)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(i), 10)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(w), -1)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(b'ss', 3), 5)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(b'ss', 0, 6), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(i, 1, 3), 1)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(i, 3, 9), 7)
self.assertEqual(b.rfind(w, 1, 3), -1)
def test_index(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
i = 105
w = 119
self.assertEqual(b.index(b'ss'), 2)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.index, b'w')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.index, b'mississippian')
self.assertEqual(b.index(i), 1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.index, w)
self.assertEqual(b.index(b'ss', 3), 5)
self.assertEqual(b.index(b'ss', 1, 7), 2)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.index, b'ss', 1, 3)
self.assertEqual(b.index(i, 6), 7)
self.assertEqual(b.index(i, 1, 3), 1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.index, w, 1, 3)
def test_rindex(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
i = 105
w = 119
self.assertEqual(b.rindex(b'ss'), 5)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.rindex, b'w')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.rindex, b'mississippian')
self.assertEqual(b.rindex(i), 10)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.rindex, w)
self.assertEqual(b.rindex(b'ss', 3), 5)
self.assertEqual(b.rindex(b'ss', 0, 6), 2)
self.assertEqual(b.rindex(i, 1, 3), 1)
self.assertEqual(b.rindex(i, 3, 9), 7)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.rindex, w, 1, 3)
def test_mod(self):
b = self.type2test(b'hello, %b!')
orig = b
b = b % b'world'
self.assertEqual(b, b'hello, world!')
self.assertEqual(orig, b'hello, %b!')
self.assertFalse(b is orig)
b = self.type2test(b'%s / 100 = %d%%')
a = b % (b'seventy-nine', 79)
self.assertEqual(a, b'seventy-nine / 100 = 79%')
self.assertIs(type(a), self.type2test)
# issue 29714
b = self.type2test(b'hello,\x00%b!')
b = b % b'world'
self.assertEqual(b, b'hello,\x00world!')
self.assertIs(type(b), self.type2test)
def check(fmt, vals, result):
b = self.type2test(fmt)
b = b % vals
self.assertEqual(b, result)
self.assertIs(type(b), self.type2test)
# A set of tests adapted from test_unicode:UnicodeTest.test_formatting
check(b'...%(foo)b...', {b'foo':b"abc"}, b'...abc...')
check(b'...%(f(o)o)b...', {b'f(o)o':b"abc", b'foo':b'bar'}, b'...abc...')
check(b'...%(foo)b...', {b'foo':b"abc",b'def':123}, b'...abc...')
check(b'%*b', (5, b'abc',), b' abc')
check(b'%*b', (-5, b'abc',), b'abc ')
check(b'%*.*b', (5, 2, b'abc',), b' ab')
check(b'%*.*b', (5, 3, b'abc',), b' abc')
check(b'%i %*.*b', (10, 5, 3, b'abc',), b'10 abc')
check(b'%i%b %*.*b', (10, b'3', 5, 3, b'abc',), b'103 abc')
check(b'%c', b'a', b'a')
class PseudoFloat:
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = float(value)
def __int__(self):
return int(self.value)
pi = PseudoFloat(3.1415)
exceptions_params = [
('%x format: an integer is required, not float', b'%x', 3.14),
('%X format: an integer is required, not float', b'%X', 2.11),
('%o format: an integer is required, not float', b'%o', 1.79),
('%x format: an integer is required, not PseudoFloat', b'%x', pi),
('%x format: an integer is required, not complex', b'%x', 3j),
('%X format: an integer is required, not complex', b'%X', 2j),
('%o format: an integer is required, not complex', b'%o', 1j),
('%u format: a real number is required, not complex', b'%u', 3j),
('%i format: a real number is required, not complex', b'%i', 2j),
('%d format: a real number is required, not complex', b'%d', 2j),
(
r'%c requires an integer in range\(256\)'
r' or a single byte, not .*\.PseudoFloat',
b'%c', pi
),
]
for msg, format_bytes, value in exceptions_params:
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg):
operator.mod(format_bytes, value)
def test_memory_leak_gh_140939(self):
# gh-140939: MemoryError is raised without leaking
_testcapi = import_helper.import_module('_testcapi')
with self.assertRaises(MemoryError):
b = self.type2test(b'%*b')
b % (_testcapi.PY_SSIZE_T_MAX, b'abc')
def test_imod(self):
b = self.type2test(b'hello, %b!')
orig = b
b %= b'world'
self.assertEqual(b, b'hello, world!')
self.assertEqual(orig, b'hello, %b!')
self.assertFalse(b is orig)
b = self.type2test(b'%s / 100 = %d%%')
b %= (b'seventy-nine', 79)
self.assertEqual(b, b'seventy-nine / 100 = 79%')
self.assertIs(type(b), self.type2test)
# issue 29714
b = self.type2test(b'hello,\x00%b!')
b %= b'world'
self.assertEqual(b, b'hello,\x00world!')
self.assertIs(type(b), self.type2test)
def test_rmod(self):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
object() % self.type2test(b'abc')
self.assertIs(self.type2test(b'abc').__rmod__('%r'), NotImplemented)
def test_replace(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
self.assertEqual(b.replace(b'i', b'a'), b'massassappa')
self.assertEqual(b.replace(b'ss', b'x'), b'mixixippi')
def test_replace_int_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').replace, 32, b'')
def test_split_string_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').split, ' ')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').rsplit, ' ')
def test_split_int_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').split, 32)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').rsplit, 32)
def test_split_unicodewhitespace(self):
for b in (b'a\x1Cb', b'a\x1Db', b'a\x1Eb', b'a\x1Fb'):
b = self.type2test(b)
self.assertEqual(b.split(), [b])
b = self.type2test(b"\x09\x0A\x0B\x0C\x0D\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F")
self.assertEqual(b.split(), [b'\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f'])
def test_rsplit_unicodewhitespace(self):
b = self.type2test(b"\x09\x0A\x0B\x0C\x0D\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F")
self.assertEqual(b.rsplit(), [b'\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f'])
def test_partition(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
self.assertEqual(b.partition(b'ss'), (b'mi', b'ss', b'issippi'))
self.assertEqual(b.partition(b'w'), (b'mississippi', b'', b''))
def test_rpartition(self):
b = self.type2test(b'mississippi')
self.assertEqual(b.rpartition(b'ss'), (b'missi', b'ss', b'ippi'))
self.assertEqual(b.rpartition(b'i'), (b'mississipp', b'i', b''))
self.assertEqual(b.rpartition(b'w'), (b'', b'', b'mississippi'))
def test_partition_string_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').partition, ' ')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').rpartition, ' ')
def test_partition_int_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').partition, 32)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'a b').rpartition, 32)
def test_pickling(self):
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
for b in b"", b"a", b"abc", b"\xffab\x80", b"\0\0\377\0\0":
b = self.type2test(b)
ps = pickle.dumps(b, proto)
q = pickle.loads(ps)
self.assertEqual(b, q)
def test_iterator_pickling(self):
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
for b in b"", b"a", b"abc", b"\xffab\x80", b"\0\0\377\0\0":
it = itorg = iter(self.type2test(b))
data = list(self.type2test(b))
d = pickle.dumps(it, proto)
it = pickle.loads(d)
self.assertEqual(type(itorg), type(it))
self.assertEqual(list(it), data)
it = pickle.loads(d)
if not b:
continue
next(it)
d = pickle.dumps(it, proto)
it = pickle.loads(d)
self.assertEqual(list(it), data[1:])
def test_strip_bytearray(self):
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b'abc').strip(memoryview(b'ac')), b'b')
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b'abc').lstrip(memoryview(b'ac')), b'bc')
self.assertEqual(self.type2test(b'abc').rstrip(memoryview(b'ac')), b'ab')
def test_strip_string_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'abc').strip, 'ac')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'abc').lstrip, 'ac')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'abc').rstrip, 'ac')
def test_strip_int_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b' abc ').strip, 32)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b' abc ').lstrip, 32)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b' abc ').rstrip, 32)
def test_center(self):
# Fill character can be either bytes or bytearray (issue 12380)
b = self.type2test(b'abc')
for fill_type in (bytes, bytearray):
self.assertEqual(b.center(7, fill_type(b'-')),
self.type2test(b'--abc--'))
def test_ljust(self):
# Fill character can be either bytes or bytearray (issue 12380)
b = self.type2test(b'abc')
for fill_type in (bytes, bytearray):
self.assertEqual(b.ljust(7, fill_type(b'-')),
self.type2test(b'abc----'))
def test_rjust(self):
# Fill character can be either bytes or bytearray (issue 12380)
b = self.type2test(b'abc')
for fill_type in (bytes, bytearray):
self.assertEqual(b.rjust(7, fill_type(b'-')),
self.type2test(b'----abc'))
def test_xjust_int_error(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'abc').center, 7, 32)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'abc').ljust, 7, 32)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test(b'abc').rjust, 7, 32)
def test_ord(self):
b = self.type2test(b'\0A\x7f\x80\xff')
self.assertEqual([ord(b[i:i+1]) for i in range(len(b))],
[0, 65, 127, 128, 255])
def test_maketrans(self):
transtable = b'\000\001\002\003\004\005\006\007\010\011\012\013\014\015\016\017\020\021\022\023\024\025\026\027\030\031\032\033\034\035\036\037 !"#$%&\'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_`xyzdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\177\200\201\202\203\204\205\206\207\210\211\212\213\214\215\216\217\220\221\222\223\224\225\226\227\230\231\232\233\234\235\236\237\240\241\242\243\244\245\246\247\250\251\252\253\254\255\256\257\260\261\262\263\264\265\266\267\270\271\272\273\274\275\276\277\300\301\302\303\304\305\306\307\310\311\312\313\314\315\316\317\320\321\322\323\324\325\326\327\330\331\332\333\334\335\336\337\340\341\342\343\344\345\346\347\350\351\352\353\354\355\356\357\360\361\362\363\364\365\366\367\370\371\372\373\374\375\376\377'
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.maketrans(b'abc', b'xyz'), transtable)
transtable = b'\000\001\002\003\004\005\006\007\010\011\012\013\014\015\016\017\020\021\022\023\024\025\026\027\030\031\032\033\034\035\036\037 !"#$%&\'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\177\200\201\202\203\204\205\206\207\210\211\212\213\214\215\216\217\220\221\222\223\224\225\226\227\230\231\232\233\234\235\236\237\240\241\242\243\244\245\246\247\250\251\252\253\254\255\256\257\260\261\262\263\264\265\266\267\270\271\272\273\274\275\276\277\300\301\302\303\304\305\306\307\310\311\312\313\314\315\316\317\320\321\322\323\324\325\326\327\330\331\332\333\334\335\336\337\340\341\342\343\344\345\346\347\350\351\352\353\354\355\356\357\360\361\362\363\364\365\366\367\370\371\372\373\374xyz'
self.assertEqual(self.type2test.maketrans(b'\375\376\377', b'xyz'), transtable)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.type2test.maketrans, b'abc', b'xyzq')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.type2test.maketrans, 'abc', 'def')
def test_none_arguments(self):
# issue 11828
b = self.type2test(b'hello')
l = self.type2test(b'l')
h = self.type2test(b'h')
x = self.type2test(b'x')
o = self.type2test(b'o')
self.assertEqual(2, b.find(l, None))
self.assertEqual(3, b.find(l, -2, None))
self.assertEqual(2, b.find(l, None, -2))
self.assertEqual(0, b.find(h, None, None))
self.assertEqual(3, b.rfind(l, None))
self.assertEqual(3, b.rfind(l, -2, None))
self.assertEqual(2, b.rfind(l, None, -2))
self.assertEqual(0, b.rfind(h, None, None))
self.assertEqual(2, b.index(l, None))
self.assertEqual(3, b.index(l, -2, None))
self.assertEqual(2, b.index(l, None, -2))
self.assertEqual(0, b.index(h, None, None))
self.assertEqual(3, b.rindex(l, None))
self.assertEqual(3, b.rindex(l, -2, None))
self.assertEqual(2, b.rindex(l, None, -2))
self.assertEqual(0, b.rindex(h, None, None))
self.assertEqual(2, b.count(l, None))
self.assertEqual(1, b.count(l, -2, None))
self.assertEqual(1, b.count(l, None, -2))
self.assertEqual(0, b.count(x, None, None))
self.assertEqual(True, b.endswith(o, None))
self.assertEqual(True, b.endswith(o, -2, None))
self.assertEqual(True, b.endswith(l, None, -2))
self.assertEqual(False, b.endswith(x, None, None))
self.assertEqual(True, b.startswith(h, None))
self.assertEqual(True, b.startswith(l, -2, None))
self.assertEqual(True, b.startswith(h, None, -2))
self.assertEqual(False, b.startswith(x, None, None))
def test_integer_arguments_out_of_byte_range(self):
b = self.type2test(b'hello')
for method in (b.count, b.find, b.index, b.rfind, b.rindex):
self.assertRaises(ValueError, method, -1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, method, 256)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, method, 9999)
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_find_etc_raise_correct_error_messages(self):
# issue 11828
b = self.type2test(b'hello')
x = self.type2test(b'x')
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, r'\bfind\b', b.find,
x, None, None, None)
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, r'\brfind\b', b.rfind,
x, None, None, None)
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, r'\bindex\b', b.index,
x, None, None, None)
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, r'\brindex\b', b.rindex,
x, None, None, None)
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, r'\bcount\b', b.count,
x, None, None, None)
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, r'\bstartswith\b', b.startswith,
x, None, None, None)
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, r'\bendswith\b', b.endswith,
x, None, None, None)
def test_free_after_iterating(self):
test.support.check_free_after_iterating(self, iter, self.type2test)
test.support.check_free_after_iterating(self, reversed, self.type2test)
def test_translate(self):
b = self.type2test(b'hello')
rosetta = bytearray(range(256))
rosetta[ord('o')] = ord('e')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.translate)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.translate, None, None)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.translate, bytes(range(255)))
c = b.translate(rosetta, b'hello')
self.assertEqual(b, b'hello')
self.assertIsInstance(c, self.type2test)
c = b.translate(rosetta)
d = b.translate(rosetta, b'')
self.assertEqual(c, d)
self.assertEqual(c, b'helle')
c = b.translate(rosetta, b'l')
self.assertEqual(c, b'hee')
c = b.translate(None, b'e')
self.assertEqual(c, b'hllo')
# test delete as a keyword argument
c = b.translate(rosetta, delete=b'')
self.assertEqual(c, b'helle')
c = b.translate(rosetta, delete=b'l')
self.assertEqual(c, b'hee')
c = b.translate(None, delete=b'e')
self.assertEqual(c, b'hllo')
def test_sq_item(self):
_testlimitedcapi = import_helper.import_module('_testlimitedcapi')
obj = self.type2test((42,))
with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
_testlimitedcapi.sequence_getitem(obj, -2)
with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
_testlimitedcapi.sequence_getitem(obj, 1)
self.assertEqual(_testlimitedcapi.sequence_getitem(obj, 0), 42)
class BytesTest(BaseBytesTest, unittest.TestCase):
type2test = bytes
def test__bytes__(self):
foo = b'foo\x00bar'
self.assertEqual(foo.__bytes__(), foo)
self.assertEqual(type(foo.__bytes__()), self.type2test)
class bytes_subclass(bytes):
pass
bar = bytes_subclass(b'bar\x00foo')
self.assertEqual(bar.__bytes__(), bar)
self.assertEqual(type(bar.__bytes__()), self.type2test)
def test_getitem_error(self):
b = b'python'
msg = "byte indices must be integers or slices"
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg):
b['a']
def test_buffer_is_readonly(self):
fd = os.open(__file__, os.O_RDONLY)
with open(fd, "rb", buffering=0) as f:
self.assertRaises(TypeError, f.readinto, b"")
def test_custom(self):
self.assertEqual(bytes(BytesSubclass(b'abc')), b'abc')
self.assertEqual(BytesSubclass(OtherBytesSubclass(b'abc')),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertEqual(bytes(WithBytes(b'abc')), b'abc')
self.assertEqual(BytesSubclass(WithBytes(b'abc')), BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
class NoBytes: pass
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytes, NoBytes())
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytes, WithBytes('abc'))
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytes, WithBytes(None))
class IndexWithBytes:
def __bytes__(self):
return b'a'
def __index__(self):
return 42
self.assertEqual(bytes(IndexWithBytes()), b'a')
# Issue #25766
class StrWithBytes(str):
def __new__(cls, value):
self = str.__new__(cls, '\u20ac')
self.value = value
return self
def __bytes__(self):
return self.value
self.assertEqual(bytes(StrWithBytes(b'abc')), b'abc')
self.assertEqual(bytes(StrWithBytes(b'abc'), 'iso8859-15'), b'\xa4')
self.assertEqual(bytes(StrWithBytes(BytesSubclass(b'abc'))), b'abc')
self.assertEqual(BytesSubclass(StrWithBytes(b'abc')), BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertEqual(BytesSubclass(StrWithBytes(b'abc'), 'iso8859-15'),
BytesSubclass(b'\xa4'))
self.assertEqual(BytesSubclass(StrWithBytes(BytesSubclass(b'abc'))),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertEqual(BytesSubclass(StrWithBytes(OtherBytesSubclass(b'abc'))),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
# Issue #24731
self.assertTypedEqual(bytes(WithBytes(BytesSubclass(b'abc'))), BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertTypedEqual(BytesSubclass(WithBytes(BytesSubclass(b'abc'))),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertTypedEqual(BytesSubclass(WithBytes(OtherBytesSubclass(b'abc'))),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
class BytesWithBytes(bytes):
def __new__(cls, value):
self = bytes.__new__(cls, b'\xa4')
self.value = value
return self
def __bytes__(self):
return self.value
self.assertTypedEqual(bytes(BytesWithBytes(b'abc')), b'abc')
self.assertTypedEqual(BytesSubclass(BytesWithBytes(b'abc')),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertTypedEqual(bytes(BytesWithBytes(BytesSubclass(b'abc'))),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertTypedEqual(BytesSubclass(BytesWithBytes(BytesSubclass(b'abc'))),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
self.assertTypedEqual(BytesSubclass(BytesWithBytes(OtherBytesSubclass(b'abc'))),
BytesSubclass(b'abc'))
# Test PyBytes_FromFormat()
def test_from_format(self):
ctypes = import_helper.import_module('ctypes')
_testcapi = import_helper.import_module('_testcapi')
from ctypes import pythonapi, py_object
from ctypes import (
c_int, c_uint,
c_long, c_ulong,
c_size_t, c_ssize_t,
c_char_p)
PyBytes_FromFormat = pythonapi.PyBytes_FromFormat
PyBytes_FromFormat.argtypes = (c_char_p,)
PyBytes_FromFormat.restype = py_object
# basic tests
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'format'),
b'format')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'Hello %s !', b'world'),
b'Hello world !')
# test formatters
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'c=%c', c_int(0)),
b'c=\0')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'c=%c', c_int(ord('@'))),
b'c=@')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'c=%c', c_int(255)),
b'c=\xff')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'd=%d ld=%ld zd=%zd',
c_int(1), c_long(2),
c_size_t(3)),
b'd=1 ld=2 zd=3')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'd=%d ld=%ld zd=%zd',
c_int(-1), c_long(-2),
c_size_t(-3)),
b'd=-1 ld=-2 zd=-3')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'u=%u lu=%lu zu=%zu',
c_uint(123), c_ulong(456),
c_size_t(789)),
b'u=123 lu=456 zu=789')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'i=%i', c_int(123)),
b'i=123')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'i=%i', c_int(-123)),
b'i=-123')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'x=%x', c_int(0xabc)),
b'x=abc')
sizeof_ptr = ctypes.sizeof(c_char_p)
if os.name == 'nt':
# Windows (MSCRT)
ptr_format = '0x%0{}X'.format(2 * sizeof_ptr)
def ptr_formatter(ptr):
return (ptr_format % ptr)
else:
# UNIX (glibc)
def ptr_formatter(ptr):
return '%#x' % ptr
ptr = 0xabcdef
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'ptr=%p', c_char_p(ptr)),
('ptr=' + ptr_formatter(ptr)).encode('ascii'))
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b's=%s', c_char_p(b'cstr')),
b's=cstr')
# test minimum and maximum integer values
size_max = c_size_t(-1).value
for formatstr, ctypes_type, value, py_formatter in (
(b'%d', c_int, _testcapi.INT_MIN, str),
(b'%d', c_int, _testcapi.INT_MAX, str),
(b'%ld', c_long, _testcapi.LONG_MIN, str),
(b'%ld', c_long, _testcapi.LONG_MAX, str),
(b'%lu', c_ulong, _testcapi.ULONG_MAX, str),
(b'%zd', c_ssize_t, _testcapi.PY_SSIZE_T_MIN, str),
(b'%zd', c_ssize_t, _testcapi.PY_SSIZE_T_MAX, str),
(b'%zu', c_size_t, size_max, str),
(b'%p', c_char_p, size_max, ptr_formatter),
):
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(formatstr, ctypes_type(value)),
py_formatter(value).encode('ascii')),
# width and precision (width is currently ignored)
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'%5s', b'a'),
b'a')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'%.3s', b'abcdef'),
b'abc')
# '%%' formatter
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'%%'),
b'%')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'[%%]'),
b'[%]')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'%%%c', c_int(ord('_'))),
b'%_')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'%%s'),
b'%s')
# Invalid formats and partial formatting
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'%'), b'%')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'x=%i y=%', c_int(2), c_int(3)),
b'x=2 y=%')
# Issue #19969: %c must raise OverflowError for values
# not in the range [0; 255]
self.assertRaises(OverflowError,
PyBytes_FromFormat, b'%c', c_int(-1))
self.assertRaises(OverflowError,
PyBytes_FromFormat, b'%c', c_int(256))
# Issue #33817: empty strings
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b''),
b'')
self.assertEqual(PyBytes_FromFormat(b'%s', b''),
b'')
def test_bytes_blocking(self):
class IterationBlocked(list):
__bytes__ = None
i = [0, 1, 2, 3]
self.assertEqual(bytes(i), b'\x00\x01\x02\x03')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytes, IterationBlocked(i))
# At least in CPython, because bytes.__new__ and the C API
# PyBytes_FromObject have different fallback rules, integer
# fallback is handled specially, so test separately.
class IntBlocked(int):
__bytes__ = None
self.assertEqual(bytes(3), b'\0\0\0')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytes, IntBlocked(3))
# While there is no separately-defined rule for handling bytes
# subclasses differently from other buffer-interface classes,
# an implementation may well special-case them (as CPython 2.x
# str did), so test them separately.
class BytesSubclassBlocked(bytes):
__bytes__ = None
self.assertEqual(bytes(b'ab'), b'ab')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytes, BytesSubclassBlocked(b'ab'))
class BufferBlocked(bytearray):
__bytes__ = None
ba, bb = bytearray(b'ab'), BufferBlocked(b'ab')
self.assertEqual(bytes(ba), b'ab')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytes, bb)
def test_repeat_id_preserving(self):
a = b'123abc1@'
b = b'456zyx-+'
self.assertEqual(id(a), id(a))
self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b))
self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(a * -4))
self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(a * 0))
self.assertEqual(id(a), id(a * 1))
self.assertEqual(id(a), id(1 * a))
self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(a * 2))
class SubBytes(bytes):
pass
s = SubBytes(b'qwerty()')
self.assertEqual(id(s), id(s))
self.assertNotEqual(id(s), id(s * -4))
self.assertNotEqual(id(s), id(s * 0))
self.assertNotEqual(id(s), id(s * 1))
self.assertNotEqual(id(s), id(1 * s))
self.assertNotEqual(id(s), id(s * 2))
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_mod(self):
return super().test_mod()
class ByteArrayTest(BaseBytesTest, unittest.TestCase):
type2test = bytearray
# TODO: RUSTPYTHON; import_helper.import_module here cause the entire test stopping
# _testlimitedcapi = import_helper.import_module('_testlimitedcapi')
try:
import _testlimitedcapi
except ImportError:
_testlimitedcapi = None
def test_getitem_error(self):
b = bytearray(b'python')
msg = "bytearray indices must be integers or slices"
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg):
b['a']
def test_setitem_error(self):
b = bytearray(b'python')
msg = "bytearray indices must be integers or slices"
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg):
b['a'] = "python"
def test_nohash(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, bytearray())
def test_bytearray_api(self):
short_sample = b"Hello world\n"
sample = short_sample + b"\0"*(20 - len(short_sample))
tfn = tempfile.mktemp()
try:
# Prepare
with open(tfn, "wb") as f:
f.write(short_sample)
# Test readinto
with open(tfn, "rb") as f:
b = bytearray(20)
n = f.readinto(b)
self.assertEqual(n, len(short_sample))
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(sample))
# Test writing in binary mode
with open(tfn, "wb") as f:
f.write(b)
with open(tfn, "rb") as f:
self.assertEqual(f.read(), sample)
# Text mode is ambiguous; don't test
finally:
try:
os.remove(tfn)
except OSError:
pass
@unittest.skip("TODO: RUSTPYTHON; segfault")
def test_mod_concurrent_mutation(self):
# Prevent crash in __mod__ when formatting mutates the bytearray.
# Regression test for https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/142557.
fmt = bytearray(b"%a end")
class S:
def __repr__(self):
fmt.clear()
return "E"
self.assertRaises(BufferError, fmt.__mod__, S())
def test_reverse(self):
b = bytearray(b'hello')
self.assertEqual(b.reverse(), None)
self.assertEqual(b, b'olleh')
b = bytearray(b'hello1') # test even number of items
b.reverse()
self.assertEqual(b, b'1olleh')
b = bytearray()
b.reverse()
self.assertFalse(b)
def test_clear(self):
b = bytearray(b'python')
b.clear()
self.assertEqual(b, b'')
b = bytearray(b'')
b.clear()
self.assertEqual(b, b'')
b = bytearray(b'')
b.append(ord('r'))
b.clear()
b.append(ord('p'))
self.assertEqual(b, b'p')
def test_copy(self):
b = bytearray(b'abc')
bb = b.copy()
self.assertEqual(bb, b'abc')
b = bytearray(b'')
bb = b.copy()
self.assertEqual(bb, b'')
# test that it's indeed a copy and not a reference
b = bytearray(b'abc')
bb = b.copy()
self.assertEqual(b, bb)
self.assertIsNot(b, bb)
bb.append(ord('d'))
self.assertEqual(bb, b'abcd')
self.assertEqual(b, b'abc')
def test_regexps(self):
def by(s):
return bytearray(map(ord, s))
b = by("Hello, world")
self.assertEqual(re.findall(br"\w+", b), [by("Hello"), by("world")])
@unittest.skip("TODO: RUSTPYTHON; segfault")
def test_resize(self):
ba = bytearray(b'abcdef')
self.assertIsNone(ba.resize(3))
self.assertEqual(ba, bytearray(b'abc'))
self.assertIsNone(ba.resize(10))
self.assertEqual(len(ba), 10)
# Bytes beyond set values must be cleared.
self.assertEqual(ba, bytearray(b'abc\0\0\0\0\0\0\0'))
ba[3:10] = b'defghij'
self.assertEqual(ba, bytearray(b'abcdefghij'))
self.assertIsNone(ba.resize(2 ** 20))
self.assertEqual(len(ba), 2**20)
self.assertEqual(ba, bytearray(b'abcdefghij' + b'\0' * (2 ** 20 - 10)))
self.assertIsNone(ba.resize(0))
self.assertEqual(ba, bytearray())
self.assertIsNone(ba.resize(10))
self.assertEqual(ba, bytearray(b'\0' * 10))
# Subclass
ba = ByteArraySubclass(b'abcdef')
self.assertIsNone(ba.resize(3))
self.assertEqual(ba, bytearray(b'abc'))
# Check arguments
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytearray().resize)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, bytearray().resize, (10, 10))
self.assertRaises(ValueError, bytearray().resize, -1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, bytearray().resize, -200)
self.assertRaises(MemoryError, bytearray().resize, sys.maxsize)
self.assertRaises(MemoryError, bytearray(1000).resize, sys.maxsize)
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_setitem(self):
def setitem_as_mapping(b, i, val):
b[i] = val
def setitem_as_sequence(b, i, val):
self._testlimitedcapi.sequence_setitem(b, i, val)
def do_tests(setitem):
b = bytearray([1, 2, 3])
setitem(b, 1, 100)
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([1, 100, 3]))
setitem(b, -1, 200)
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([1, 100, 200]))
setitem(b, 0, Indexable(10))
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([10, 100, 200]))
try:
setitem(b, 3, 0)
self.fail("Didn't raise IndexError")
except IndexError:
pass
try:
setitem(b, -10, 0)
self.fail("Didn't raise IndexError")
except IndexError:
pass
try:
setitem(b, 0, 256)
self.fail("Didn't raise ValueError")
except ValueError:
pass
try:
setitem(b, 0, Indexable(-1))
self.fail("Didn't raise ValueError")
except ValueError:
pass
try:
setitem(b, 0, object())
self.fail("Didn't raise TypeError")
except TypeError:
pass
with self.subTest("tp_as_mapping"):
do_tests(setitem_as_mapping)
with self.subTest("tp_as_sequence"):
do_tests(setitem_as_sequence)
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_delitem(self):
def del_as_mapping(b, i):
del b[i]
def del_as_sequence(b, i):
self._testlimitedcapi.sequence_delitem(b, i)
def do_tests(delete):
b = bytearray(range(10))
delete(b, 0)
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(range(1, 10)))
delete(b, -1)
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(range(1, 9)))
delete(b, 4)
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8]))
with self.subTest("tp_as_mapping"):
do_tests(del_as_mapping)
with self.subTest("tp_as_sequence"):
do_tests(del_as_sequence)
def test_setslice(self):
b = bytearray(range(10))
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(10)))
b[0:5] = bytearray([1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]))
del b[0:-5]
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([5, 6, 7, 8, 9]))
b[0:0] = bytearray([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(range(10)))
b[-7:-3] = bytearray([100, 101])
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([0, 1, 2, 100, 101, 7, 8, 9]))
b[3:5] = [3, 4, 5, 6]
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(range(10)))
b[3:0] = [42, 42, 42]
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([0, 1, 2, 42, 42, 42, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]))
b[3:] = b'foo'
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([0, 1, 2, 102, 111, 111]))
b[:3] = memoryview(b'foo')
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([102, 111, 111, 102, 111, 111]))
b[3:4] = []
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray([102, 111, 111, 111, 111]))
for elem in [5, -5, 0, int(10e20), 'str', 2.3,
['a', 'b'], [b'a', b'b'], [[]]]:
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
b[3:4] = elem
for elem in [[254, 255, 256], [-256, 9000]]:
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
b[3:4] = elem
def test_setslice_extend(self):
# Exercise the resizing logic (see issue #19087)
b = bytearray(range(100))
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(100)))
del b[:10]
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(10, 100)))
b.extend(range(100, 110))
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(10, 110)))
def test_fifo_overrun(self):
# Test for issue #23985, a buffer overrun when implementing a FIFO
# Build Python in pydebug mode for best results.
b = bytearray(10)
b.pop() # Defeat expanding buffer off-by-one quirk
del b[:1] # Advance start pointer without reallocating
b += bytes(2) # Append exactly the number of deleted bytes
del b # Free memory buffer, allowing pydebug verification
def test_del_expand(self):
# Reducing the size should not expand the buffer (issue #23985)
b = bytearray(10)
size = sys.getsizeof(b)
del b[:1]
self.assertLessEqual(sys.getsizeof(b), size)
def test_extended_set_del_slice(self):
indices = (0, None, 1, 3, 19, 300, 1<<333, sys.maxsize,
-1, -2, -31, -300)
for start in indices:
for stop in indices:
# Skip invalid step 0
for step in indices[1:]:
L = list(range(255))
b = bytearray(L)
# Make sure we have a slice of exactly the right length,
# but with different data.
data = L[start:stop:step]
data.reverse()
L[start:stop:step] = data
b[start:stop:step] = data
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(L))
del L[start:stop:step]
del b[start:stop:step]
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(L))
def test_setslice_trap(self):
# This test verifies that we correctly handle assigning self
# to a slice of self (the old Lambert Meertens trap).
b = bytearray(range(256))
b[8:] = b
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(list(range(8)) + list(range(256))))
def test_iconcat(self):
b = bytearray(b"abc")
b1 = b
b += b"def"
self.assertEqual(b, b"abcdef")
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.assertIs(b, b1)
b += b"xyz"
self.assertEqual(b, b"abcdefxyz")
try:
b += ""
except TypeError:
pass
else:
self.fail("bytes += unicode didn't raise TypeError")
def test_irepeat(self):
b = bytearray(b"abc")
b1 = b
b *= 3
self.assertEqual(b, b"abcabcabc")
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.assertIs(b, b1)
def test_irepeat_1char(self):
b = bytearray(b"x")
b1 = b
b *= 100
self.assertEqual(b, b"x"*100)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.assertIs(b, b1)
# NOTE: RUSTPYTHON:
#
# The second instance of self.assertGreater was replaced with
# self.assertGreaterEqual since, in RustPython, the underlying storage
# is a Vec which doesn't require trailing null byte.
def test_alloc(self):
b = bytearray()
alloc = b.__alloc__()
self.assertGreaterEqual(alloc, 0)
seq = [alloc]
for i in range(100):
b += b"x"
alloc = b.__alloc__()
# self.assertGreater(alloc, len(b)) # including trailing null byte
self.assertGreaterEqual(alloc, len(b)) # NOTE: RUSTPYTHON patched
if alloc not in seq:
seq.append(alloc)
# NOTE: RUSTPYTHON:
#
# The usages of self.assertGreater were replaced with
# self.assertGreaterEqual since, in RustPython, the underlying storage
# is a Vec which doesn't require trailing null byte.
def test_init_alloc(self):
b = bytearray()
def g():
for i in range(1, 100):
yield i
a = list(b)
self.assertEqual(a, list(range(1, len(a)+1)))
self.assertEqual(len(b), len(a))
self.assertLessEqual(len(b), i)
alloc = b.__alloc__()
# self.assertGreater(alloc, len(b)) # including trailing null byte
self.assertGreaterEqual(alloc, len(b)) # NOTE: RUSTPYTHON patched
b.__init__(g())
self.assertEqual(list(b), list(range(1, 100)))
self.assertEqual(len(b), 99)
alloc = b.__alloc__()
# self.assertGreater(alloc, len(b))
self.assertGreaterEqual(alloc, len(b)) # NOTE: RUSTPYTHON patched
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_extend(self):
orig = b'hello'
a = bytearray(orig)
a.extend(a)
self.assertEqual(a, orig + orig)
self.assertEqual(a[5:], orig)
a = bytearray(b'')
# Test iterators that don't have a __length_hint__
a.extend(map(int, orig * 25))
a.extend(int(x) for x in orig * 25)
self.assertEqual(a, orig * 50)
self.assertEqual(a[-5:], orig)
a = bytearray(b'')
a.extend(iter(map(int, orig * 50)))
self.assertEqual(a, orig * 50)
self.assertEqual(a[-5:], orig)
a = bytearray(b'')
a.extend(list(map(int, orig * 50)))
self.assertEqual(a, orig * 50)
self.assertEqual(a[-5:], orig)
a = bytearray(b'')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.extend, [0, 1, 2, 256])
self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.extend, [0, 1, 2, -1])
self.assertEqual(len(a), 0)
a = bytearray(b'')
a.extend([Indexable(ord('a'))])
self.assertEqual(a, b'a')
a = bytearray(b'abc')
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, # Override for string.
"expected iterable of integers; got: 'str'",
a.extend, 'def')
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, # But not for others.
"can't extend bytearray with float",
a.extend, 1.0)
def test_remove(self):
b = bytearray(b'hello')
b.remove(ord('l'))
self.assertEqual(b, b'helo')
b.remove(ord('l'))
self.assertEqual(b, b'heo')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: b.remove(ord('l')))
self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: b.remove(400))
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: b.remove('e'))
# remove first and last
b.remove(ord('o'))
b.remove(ord('h'))
self.assertEqual(b, b'e')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: b.remove(b'e'))
b.remove(Indexable(ord('e')))
self.assertEqual(b, b'')
# test values outside of the ascii range: (0, 127)
c = bytearray([126, 127, 128, 129])
c.remove(127)
self.assertEqual(c, bytes([126, 128, 129]))
c.remove(129)
self.assertEqual(c, bytes([126, 128]))
def test_pop(self):
b = bytearray(b'world')
self.assertEqual(b.pop(), ord('d'))
self.assertEqual(b.pop(0), ord('w'))
self.assertEqual(b.pop(-2), ord('r'))
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: b.pop(10))
self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: bytearray().pop())
# test for issue #6846
self.assertEqual(bytearray(b'\xff').pop(), 0xff)
def test_nosort(self):
self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: bytearray().sort())
def test_append(self):
b = bytearray(b'hell')
b.append(ord('o'))
self.assertEqual(b, b'hello')
self.assertEqual(b.append(100), None)
b = bytearray()
b.append(ord('A'))
self.assertEqual(len(b), 1)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: b.append(b'o'))
b = bytearray()
b.append(Indexable(ord('A')))
self.assertEqual(b, b'A')
def test_insert(self):
b = bytearray(b'msssspp')
b.insert(1, ord('i'))
b.insert(4, ord('i'))
b.insert(-2, ord('i'))
b.insert(1000, ord('i'))
self.assertEqual(b, b'mississippi')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: b.insert(0, b'1'))
b = bytearray()
b.insert(0, Indexable(ord('A')))
self.assertEqual(b, b'A')
def test_copied(self):
# Issue 4348. Make sure that operations that don't mutate the array
# copy the bytes.
b = bytearray(b'abc')
self.assertIsNot(b, b.replace(b'abc', b'cde', 0))
t = bytearray([i for i in range(256)])
x = bytearray(b'')
self.assertIsNot(x, x.translate(t))
def test_partition_bytearray_doesnt_share_nullstring(self):
a, b, c = bytearray(b"x").partition(b"y")
self.assertEqual(b, b"")
self.assertEqual(c, b"")
self.assertIsNot(b, c)
b += b"!"
self.assertEqual(c, b"")
a, b, c = bytearray(b"x").partition(b"y")
self.assertEqual(b, b"")
self.assertEqual(c, b"")
# Same for rpartition
b, c, a = bytearray(b"x").rpartition(b"y")
self.assertEqual(b, b"")
self.assertEqual(c, b"")
self.assertIsNot(b, c)
b += b"!"
self.assertEqual(c, b"")
c, b, a = bytearray(b"x").rpartition(b"y")
self.assertEqual(b, b"")
self.assertEqual(c, b"")
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON; BufferError: Existing exports of data: object cannot be re-sized
def test_resize_forbidden(self):
# #4509: can't resize a bytearray when there are buffer exports, even
# if it wouldn't reallocate the underlying buffer.
# Furthermore, no destructive changes to the buffer may be applied
# before raising the error.
b = bytearray(10)
v = memoryview(b)
def manual_resize(n):
b[1:-1] = range(n + 1, 2*n - 1)
b.resize(10)
orig = b[:]
self.assertRaises(BufferError, b.resize, 11)
self.assertRaises(BufferError, manual_resize, 11)
self.assertEqual(b, orig)
self.assertRaises(BufferError, b.resize, 9)
self.assertEqual(b, orig)
self.assertRaises(BufferError, b.resize, 0)
self.assertEqual(b, orig)
# Other operations implying resize
self.assertRaises(BufferError, b.pop, 0)
self.assertEqual(b, orig)
self.assertRaises(BufferError, b.remove, b[1])
self.assertEqual(b, orig)
def delitem():
del b[1]
self.assertRaises(BufferError, delitem)
self.assertEqual(b, orig)
# deleting a non-contiguous slice
def delslice():
b[1:-1:2] = b""
self.assertRaises(BufferError, delslice)
self.assertEqual(b, orig)
@test.support.cpython_only
def test_obsolete_write_lock(self):
_testcapi = import_helper.import_module('_testcapi')
self.assertRaises(BufferError, _testcapi.getbuffer_with_null_view, bytearray())
def test_iterator_pickling2(self):
orig = bytearray(b'abc')
data = list(b'qwerty')
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
# initial iterator
itorig = iter(orig)
d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto)
it, b = pickle.loads(d)
b[:] = data
self.assertEqual(type(it), type(itorig))
self.assertEqual(list(it), data)
# running iterator
next(itorig)
d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto)
it, b = pickle.loads(d)
b[:] = data
self.assertEqual(type(it), type(itorig))
self.assertEqual(list(it), data[1:])
# empty iterator
for i in range(1, len(orig)):
next(itorig)
d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto)
it, b = pickle.loads(d)
b[:] = data
self.assertEqual(type(it), type(itorig))
self.assertEqual(list(it), data[len(orig):])
# exhausted iterator
self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, itorig)
d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto)
it, b = pickle.loads(d)
b[:] = data
self.assertEqual(list(it), [])
test_exhausted_iterator = test.list_tests.CommonTest.test_exhausted_iterator
def test_iterator_length_hint(self):
# Issue 27443: __length_hint__ can return negative integer
ba = bytearray(b'ab')
it = iter(ba)
next(it)
ba.clear()
# Shouldn't raise an error
self.assertEqual(list(it), [])
def test_repeat_after_setslice(self):
# bpo-42924: * used to copy from the wrong memory location
b = bytearray(b'abc')
b[:2] = b'x'
b1 = b * 1
b3 = b * 3
self.assertEqual(b1, b'xc')
self.assertEqual(b1, b)
self.assertEqual(b3, b'xcxcxc')
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_mutating_index(self):
# bytearray slice assignment can call into python code
# that reallocates the internal buffer
# See gh-91153
class Boom:
def __index__(self):
b.clear()
return 0
with self.subTest("tp_as_mapping"):
b = bytearray(b'Now you see me...')
with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
b[0] = Boom()
with self.subTest("tp_as_sequence"):
b = bytearray(b'Now you see me...')
with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
self._testlimitedcapi.sequence_setitem(b, 0, Boom())
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_mutating_index_inbounds(self):
# gh-91153 continued
# Ensure buffer is not broken even if length is correct
class MutatesOnIndex:
def __init__(self):
self.ba = bytearray(0x180)
def __index__(self):
self.ba.clear()
self.new_ba = bytearray(0x180) # to catch out-of-bounds writes
self.ba.extend([0] * 0x180) # to check bounds checks
return 0
with self.subTest("skip_bounds_safety"):
instance = MutatesOnIndex()
instance.ba[instance] = ord("?")
self.assertEqual(instance.ba[0], ord("?"), "Assigned bytearray not altered")
self.assertEqual(instance.new_ba, bytearray(0x180), "Wrong object altered")
with self.subTest("skip_bounds_safety_capi"):
instance = MutatesOnIndex()
instance.ba[instance] = ord("?")
self._testlimitedcapi.sequence_setitem(instance.ba, instance, ord("?"))
self.assertEqual(instance.ba[0], ord("?"), "Assigned bytearray not altered")
self.assertEqual(instance.new_ba, bytearray(0x180), "Wrong object altered")
with self.subTest("skip_bounds_safety_slice"):
instance = MutatesOnIndex()
instance.ba[instance:1] = [ord("?")]
self.assertEqual(instance.ba[0], ord("?"), "Assigned bytearray not altered")
self.assertEqual(instance.new_ba, bytearray(0x180), "Wrong object altered")
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON; TypeError: unexpected type Evil
def test_search_methods_reentrancy_raises_buffererror(self):
# gh-142560: Raise BufferError if buffer mutates during search arg conversion.
class Evil:
def __init__(self, ba):
self.ba = ba
def __buffer__(self, flags):
self.ba.clear()
return memoryview(self.ba)
def __release_buffer__(self, view: memoryview) -> None:
view.release()
def __index__(self):
self.ba.clear()
return ord("A")
def make_case():
ba = bytearray(b"A")
return ba, Evil(ba)
for name in ("find", "count", "index", "rindex", "rfind"):
ba, evil = make_case()
with self.subTest(name):
with self.assertRaises(BufferError):
getattr(ba, name)(evil)
ba, evil = make_case()
with self.assertRaises(BufferError):
evil in ba
with self.assertRaises(BufferError):
ba.split(evil)
with self.assertRaises(BufferError):
ba.rsplit(evil)
def test_extend_empty_buffer_overflow(self):
# gh-143003
class EvilIter:
def __iter__(self):
return self
def __next__(self):
return next(source)
def __length_hint__(self):
return 0
# Use ASCII digits so float() takes the fast path that expects a NUL terminator.
source = iter(b'42')
ba = bytearray()
ba.extend(EvilIter())
self.assertRaises(ValueError, float, bytearray())
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON; AssertionError: BufferError not raised by hex
def test_hex_use_after_free(self):
# Prevent UAF in bytearray.hex(sep) with re-entrant sep.__len__.
# Regression test for https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/143195.
ba = bytearray(b'\xAA')
class S(bytes):
def __len__(self):
ba.clear()
return 1
self.assertRaises(BufferError, ba.hex, S(b':'))
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_mod(self):
return super().test_mod()
class AssortedBytesTest(unittest.TestCase):
#
# Test various combinations of bytes and bytearray
#
def test_bytes_repr(self, f=repr):
self.assertEqual(f(b''), "b''")
self.assertEqual(f(b"abc"), "b'abc'")
self.assertEqual(f(bytes([92])), r"b'\\'")
self.assertEqual(f(bytes([0, 1, 254, 255])), r"b'\x00\x01\xfe\xff'")
self.assertEqual(f(b'\a\b\t\n\v\f\r'), r"b'\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r'")
self.assertEqual(f(b'"'), """b'"'""") # '"'
self.assertEqual(f(b"'"), '''b"'"''') # "'"
self.assertEqual(f(b"'\""), r"""b'\'"'""") # '\'"'
self.assertEqual(f(b"\"'\""), r"""b'"\'"'""") # '"\'"'
self.assertEqual(f(b"'\"'"), r"""b'\'"\''""") # '\'"\''
self.assertEqual(f(BytesSubclass(b"abc")), "b'abc'")
def test_bytearray_repr(self, f=repr):
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray()), "bytearray(b'')")
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray(b'abc')), "bytearray(b'abc')")
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray([92])), r"bytearray(b'\\')")
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray([0, 1, 254, 255])),
r"bytearray(b'\x00\x01\xfe\xff')")
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray([7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13])),
r"bytearray(b'\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r')")
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray(b'"')), """bytearray(b'"')""") # '"'
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray(b"'")), r'''bytearray(b"\'")''') # "\'"
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray(b"'\"")), r"""bytearray(b'\'"')""") # '\'"'
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray(b"\"'\"")), r"""bytearray(b'"\'"')""") # '"\'"'
self.assertEqual(f(bytearray(b'\'"\'')), r"""bytearray(b'\'"\'')""") # '\'"\''
self.assertEqual(f(ByteArraySubclass(b"abc")), "ByteArraySubclass(b'abc')")
self.assertEqual(f(ByteArraySubclass.Nested(b"abc")), "Nested(b'abc')")
self.assertEqual(f(ByteArraySubclass.Ŭñıçöđë(b"abc")), "Ŭñıçöđë(b'abc')")
@check_bytes_warnings
def test_bytes_str(self):
self.test_bytes_repr(str)
@check_bytes_warnings
def test_bytearray_str(self):
self.test_bytearray_repr(str)
@check_bytes_warnings
def test_format(self):
for b in b'abc', bytearray(b'abc'):
self.assertEqual(format(b), str(b))
self.assertEqual(format(b, ''), str(b))
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
r'\b%s\b' % re.escape(type(b).__name__)):
format(b, 's')
def test_compare_bytes_to_bytearray(self):
self.assertEqual(b"abc" == bytes(b"abc"), True)
self.assertEqual(b"ab" != bytes(b"abc"), True)
self.assertEqual(b"ab" <= bytes(b"abc"), True)
self.assertEqual(b"ab" < bytes(b"abc"), True)
self.assertEqual(b"abc" >= bytes(b"ab"), True)
self.assertEqual(b"abc" > bytes(b"ab"), True)
self.assertEqual(b"abc" != bytes(b"abc"), False)
self.assertEqual(b"ab" == bytes(b"abc"), False)
self.assertEqual(b"ab" > bytes(b"abc"), False)
self.assertEqual(b"ab" >= bytes(b"abc"), False)
self.assertEqual(b"abc" < bytes(b"ab"), False)
self.assertEqual(b"abc" <= bytes(b"ab"), False)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"abc") == b"abc", True)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"ab") != b"abc", True)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"ab") <= b"abc", True)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"ab") < b"abc", True)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"abc") >= b"ab", True)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"abc") > b"ab", True)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"abc") != b"abc", False)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"ab") == b"abc", False)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"ab") > b"abc", False)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"ab") >= b"abc", False)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"abc") < b"ab", False)
self.assertEqual(bytes(b"abc") <= b"ab", False)
@test.support.requires_docstrings
def test_doc(self):
self.assertIsNotNone(bytearray.__doc__)
self.assertStartsWith(bytearray.__doc__, "bytearray(")
self.assertIsNotNone(bytes.__doc__)
self.assertStartsWith(bytes.__doc__, "bytes(")
def test_from_bytearray(self):
sample = bytes(b"Hello world\n\x80\x81\xfe\xff")
buf = memoryview(sample)
b = bytearray(buf)
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(sample))
def test_literal(self):
tests = [
(b"Wonderful spam", "Wonderful spam"),
(br"Wonderful spam too", "Wonderful spam too"),
(b"\xaa\x00\000\200", "\xaa\x00\000\200"),
(br"\xaa\x00\000\200", r"\xaa\x00\000\200"),
]
for b, s in tests:
self.assertEqual(b, bytearray(s, 'latin-1'))
for c in range(128, 256):
self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval,
'b"%s"' % chr(c))
def test_split_bytearray(self):
self.assertEqual(b'a b'.split(memoryview(b' ')), [b'a', b'b'])
def test_rsplit_bytearray(self):
self.assertEqual(b'a b'.rsplit(memoryview(b' ')), [b'a', b'b'])
def test_return_self(self):
# bytearray.replace must always return a new bytearray
b = bytearray()
self.assertIsNot(b.replace(b'', b''), b)
@unittest.skipUnless(sys.flags.bytes_warning,
"BytesWarning is needed for this test: use -bb option")
def test_compare(self):
def bytes_warning():
return warnings_helper.check_warnings(('', BytesWarning))
with bytes_warning():
b'' == ''
with bytes_warning():
'' == b''
with bytes_warning():
b'' != ''
with bytes_warning():
'' != b''
with bytes_warning():
bytearray(b'') == ''
with bytes_warning():
'' == bytearray(b'')
with bytes_warning():
bytearray(b'') != ''
with bytes_warning():
'' != bytearray(b'')
with bytes_warning():
b'\0' == 0
with bytes_warning():
0 == b'\0'
with bytes_warning():
b'\0' != 0
with bytes_warning():
0 != b'\0'
# Optimizations:
# __iter__? (optimization)
# __reversed__? (optimization)
# XXX More string methods? (Those that don't use character properties)
# There are tests in string_tests.py that are more
# comprehensive for things like partition, etc.
# Unfortunately they are all bundled with tests that
# are not appropriate for bytes
# I've started porting some of those into bytearray_tests.py, we should port
# the rest that make sense (the code can be cleaned up to use modern
# unittest methods at the same time).
class BytearrayPEP3137Test(unittest.TestCase):
def marshal(self, x):
return bytearray(x)
def test_returns_new_copy(self):
val = self.marshal(b'1234')
# On immutable types these MAY return a reference to themselves
# but on mutable types like bytearray they MUST return a new copy.
for methname in ('zfill', 'rjust', 'ljust', 'center'):
method = getattr(val, methname)
newval = method(3)
self.assertEqual(val, newval)
self.assertIsNot(val, newval,
methname+' returned self on a mutable object')
for expr in ('val.split()[0]', 'val.rsplit()[0]',
'val.partition(b".")[0]', 'val.rpartition(b".")[2]',
'val.splitlines()[0]', 'val.replace(b"", b"")'):
newval = eval(expr)
self.assertEqual(val, newval)
self.assertIsNot(val, newval,
expr+' returned val on a mutable object')
sep = self.marshal(b'')
newval = sep.join([val])
self.assertEqual(val, newval)
self.assertIsNot(val, newval)
class FixedStringTest(test.string_tests.BaseTest):
def fixtype(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, str):
return self.type2test(obj.encode("utf-8"))
return super().fixtype(obj)
contains_bytes = True
def test_mixed_cmp(self):
a = self.type2test(b'ab')
for t in bytes, bytearray, BytesSubclass, ByteArraySubclass:
with self.subTest(t.__name__):
self._assert_cmp(a, t(b'ab'), 0)
self._assert_cmp(a, t(b'a'), 1)
self._assert_cmp(a, t(b'ac'), -1)
class ByteArrayAsStringTest(FixedStringTest, unittest.TestCase):
type2test = bytearray
class BytesAsStringTest(FixedStringTest, unittest.TestCase):
type2test = bytes
class SubclassTest:
def test_basic(self):
self.assertIsSubclass(self.type2test, self.basetype)
self.assertIsInstance(self.type2test(), self.basetype)
a, b = b"abcd", b"efgh"
_a, _b = self.type2test(a), self.type2test(b)
# test comparison operators with subclass instances
self.assertTrue(_a == _a)
self.assertTrue(_a != _b)
self.assertTrue(_a < _b)
self.assertTrue(_a <= _b)
self.assertTrue(_b >= _a)
self.assertTrue(_b > _a)
self.assertIsNot(_a, a)
# test concat of subclass instances
self.assertEqual(a + b, _a + _b)
self.assertEqual(a + b, a + _b)
self.assertEqual(a + b, _a + b)
# test repeat
self.assertTrue(a*5 == _a*5)
def test_join(self):
# Make sure join returns a NEW object for single item sequences
# involving a subclass.
# Make sure that it is of the appropriate type.
s1 = self.type2test(b"abcd")
s2 = self.basetype().join([s1])
self.assertIsNot(s1, s2)
self.assertIs(type(s2), self.basetype, type(s2))
# Test reverse, calling join on subclass
s3 = s1.join([b"abcd"])
self.assertIs(type(s3), self.basetype)
def test_pickle(self):
a = self.type2test(b"abcd")
a.x = 10
a.z = self.type2test(b"efgh")
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
b = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(a, proto))
self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b))
self.assertEqual(a, b)
self.assertEqual(a.x, b.x)
self.assertEqual(a.z, b.z)
self.assertEqual(type(a), type(b))
self.assertEqual(type(a.z), type(b.z))
self.assertNotHasAttr(b, 'y')
def test_copy(self):
a = self.type2test(b"abcd")
a.x = 10
a.z = self.type2test(b"efgh")
for copy_method in (copy.copy, copy.deepcopy):
b = copy_method(a)
self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b))
self.assertEqual(a, b)
self.assertEqual(a.x, b.x)
self.assertEqual(a.z, b.z)
self.assertEqual(type(a), type(b))
self.assertEqual(type(a.z), type(b.z))
self.assertNotHasAttr(b, 'y')
def test_fromhex(self):
b = self.type2test.fromhex('1a2B30')
self.assertEqual(b, b'\x1a\x2b\x30')
self.assertIs(type(b), self.type2test)
class B1(self.basetype):
def __new__(cls, value):
me = self.basetype.__new__(cls, value)
me.foo = 'bar'
return me
b = B1.fromhex('1a2B30')
self.assertEqual(b, b'\x1a\x2b\x30')
self.assertIs(type(b), B1)
self.assertEqual(b.foo, 'bar')
class B2(self.basetype):
def __init__(me, *args, **kwargs):
if self.basetype is not bytes:
self.basetype.__init__(me, *args, **kwargs)
me.foo = 'bar'
b = B2.fromhex('1a2B30')
self.assertEqual(b, b'\x1a\x2b\x30')
self.assertIs(type(b), B2)
self.assertEqual(b.foo, 'bar')
class ByteArraySubclass(bytearray):
class Nested(bytearray):
pass
class Ŭñıçöđë(bytearray):
pass
class ByteArraySubclassWithSlots(bytearray):
__slots__ = ('x', 'y', '__dict__')
class BytesSubclass(bytes):
pass
class OtherBytesSubclass(bytes):
pass
class WithBytes:
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
def __bytes__(self):
return self.value
class ByteArraySubclassTest(SubclassTest, unittest.TestCase):
basetype = bytearray
type2test = ByteArraySubclass
def test_init_override(self):
class subclass(bytearray):
def __init__(me, newarg=1, *args, **kwargs):
bytearray.__init__(me, *args, **kwargs)
x = subclass(4, b"abcd")
x = subclass(4, source=b"abcd")
self.assertEqual(x, b"abcd")
x = subclass(newarg=4, source=b"abcd")
self.assertEqual(x, b"abcd")
class ByteArraySubclassWithSlotsTest(SubclassTest, unittest.TestCase):
basetype = bytearray
type2test = ByteArraySubclassWithSlots
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_copy(self):
return super().test_copy()
@unittest.expectedFailure # TODO: RUSTPYTHON
def test_pickle(self):
return super().test_pickle()
class BytesSubclassTest(SubclassTest, unittest.TestCase):
basetype = bytes
type2test = BytesSubclass
class FreeThreadingTest(unittest.TestCase):
@unittest.skipUnless(support.Py_GIL_DISABLED, 'this test can only possibly fail with GIL disabled')
@threading_helper.reap_threads
@threading_helper.requires_working_threading()
def test_free_threading_bytearray(self):
# Test pretty much everything that can break under free-threading.
# Non-deterministic, but at least one of these things will fail if
# bytearray module is not free-thread safe.
def clear(b, a, *args): # MODIFIES!
b.wait()
try: a.clear()
except BufferError: pass
def clear2(b, a, c): # MODIFIES c!
b.wait()
try: c.clear()
except BufferError: pass
def pop1(b, a): # MODIFIES!
b.wait()
try: a.pop()
except IndexError: pass
def append1(b, a): # MODIFIES!
b.wait()
a.append(0)
def insert1(b, a): # MODIFIES!
b.wait()
a.insert(0, 0)
def extend(b, a): # MODIFIES!
c = bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000)
b.wait()
a.extend(c)
def remove(b, a): # MODIFIES!
c = ord('0')
b.wait()
try: a.remove(c)
except ValueError: pass
def reverse(b, a): # modifies inplace
b.wait()
a.reverse()
def reduce(b, a):
b.wait()
a.__reduce__()
def reduceex2(b, a):
b.wait()
a.__reduce_ex__(2)
def reduceex3(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.__reduce_ex__(3)
assert not c[1] or 0xdd not in c[1][0]
def count0(b, a):
b.wait()
a.count(0)
def decode(b, a):
b.wait()
a.decode()
def find(b, a):
c = bytearray(b'0' * 0x40000)
b.wait()
a.find(c)
def hex(b, a):
b.wait()
a.hex('_')
def join(b, a):
b.wait()
a.join([b'1', b'2', b'3'])
def replace(b, a):
b.wait()
a.replace(b'0', b'')
def maketrans(b, a, c):
b.wait()
try: a.maketrans(a, c)
except ValueError: pass
def translate(b, a, c):
b.wait()
a.translate(c)
def copy(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.copy()
if c: assert c[0] == 48 # '0'
def endswith(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.endswith(b'\xdd')
def index(b, a):
b.wait()
try: a.index(b'\xdd')
except ValueError: return
assert False
def lstrip(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.lstrip(b'0')
def partition(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.partition(b'\xdd')[2]
def removeprefix(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.removeprefix(b'0')
def removesuffix(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.removesuffix(b'0')
def rfind(b, a):
b.wait()
assert a.rfind(b'\xdd') == -1
def rindex(b, a):
b.wait()
try: a.rindex(b'\xdd')
except ValueError: return
assert False
def rpartition(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.rpartition(b'\xdd')[0]
def rsplit(b, a):
b.wait()
assert len(a.rsplit(b'\xdd')) == 1
def rstrip(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.rstrip(b'0')
def split(b, a):
b.wait()
assert len(a.split(b'\xdd')) == 1
def splitlines(b, a):
b.wait()
l = len(a.splitlines())
assert l > 1 or l == 0
def startswith(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.startswith(b'\xdd')
def strip(b, a):
b.wait()
assert not a.strip(b'0')
def repeat(b, a):
b.wait()
a * 2
def contains(b, a):
b.wait()
assert 0xdd not in a
def iconcat(b, a): # MODIFIES!
c = bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000)
b.wait()
a += c
def subscript(b, a):
b.wait()
try: assert a[0] != 0xdd
except IndexError: pass
def ass_subscript(b, a): # MODIFIES!
c = bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000)
b.wait()
a[:] = c
def ass_subscript2(b, a, c): # MODIFIES!
b.wait()
a[:] = c
assert b'\xdd' not in a
def mod(b, a):
c = tuple(range(4096))
b.wait()
try: a % c
except TypeError: pass
def mod2(b, a, c):
b.wait()
d = a % c
assert b'\xdd' not in d
def repr_(b, a):
b.wait()
repr(a)
def capitalize(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.capitalize()
assert not c or c[0] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def center(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.center(0x60000)
assert not c or c[0x20000] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def expandtabs(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.expandtabs()
assert not c or c[0] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def ljust(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.ljust(0x600000)
assert not c or c[0] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def lower(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.lower()
assert not c or c[0] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def rjust(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.rjust(0x600000)
assert not c or c[-1] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def swapcase(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.swapcase()
assert not c or c[-1] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def title(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.title()
assert not c or c[-1] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def upper(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.upper()
assert not c or c[-1] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def zfill(b, a):
b.wait()
c = a.zfill(0x400000)
assert not c or c[-1] not in (0xdd, 0xcd)
def resize(b, a): # MODIFIES!
b.wait()
a.resize(10)
def check(funcs, a=None, *args):
if a is None:
a = bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000)
barrier = threading.Barrier(len(funcs))
threads = []
for func in funcs:
thread = threading.Thread(target=func, args=(barrier, a, *args))
threads.append(thread)
with threading_helper.start_threads(threads):
pass
# hard errors
check([clear] + [reduce] * 10)
check([clear] + [reduceex2] * 10)
check([clear] + [append1] * 10)
check([clear] * 10)
check([clear] + [count0] * 10)
check([clear] + [decode] * 10)
check([clear] + [extend] * 10)
check([clear] + [find] * 10)
check([clear] + [hex] * 10)
check([clear] + [insert1] * 10)
check([clear] + [join] * 10)
check([clear] + [pop1] * 10)
check([clear] + [remove] * 10)
check([clear] + [replace] * 10)
check([clear] + [reverse] * 10)
check([clear, clear2] + [maketrans] * 10, bytearray(range(128)), bytearray(range(128)))
check([clear] + [translate] * 10, None, bytearray.maketrans(bytearray(range(128)), bytearray(range(128))))
check([clear] + [repeat] * 10)
check([clear] + [iconcat] * 10)
check([clear] + [ass_subscript] * 10)
check([clear] + [repr_] * 10)
# gh-148605: Do not test "a *= 2" since it allocates up to 4 GiB using
# 10 threads
# value errors
check([clear] + [reduceex3] * 10, bytearray(b'a' * 0x40000))
check([clear] + [copy] * 10)
check([clear] + [endswith] * 10)
check([clear] + [index] * 10)
check([clear] + [lstrip] * 10)
check([clear] + [partition] * 10)
check([clear] + [removeprefix] * 10, bytearray(b'0'))
check([clear] + [removesuffix] * 10, bytearray(b'0'))
check([clear] + [rfind] * 10)
check([clear] + [rindex] * 10)
check([clear] + [rpartition] * 10)
check([clear] + [rsplit] * 10, bytearray(b'0' * 0x4000))
check([clear] + [rstrip] * 10)
check([clear] + [split] * 10, bytearray(b'0' * 0x4000))
check([clear] + [splitlines] * 10, bytearray(b'\n' * 0x400))
check([clear] + [startswith] * 10)
check([clear] + [strip] * 10)
check([clear] + [resize] * 10)
check([clear] + [contains] * 10)
check([clear] + [subscript] * 10)
check([clear2] + [ass_subscript2] * 10, None, bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000))
check([clear] + [mod] * 10, bytearray(b'%d' * 4096))
check([clear2] + [mod2] * 10, bytearray(b'%s'), bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000))
check([clear] + [capitalize] * 10, bytearray(b'a' * 0x40000))
check([clear] + [center] * 10, bytearray(b'a' * 0x40000))
check([clear] + [expandtabs] * 10, bytearray(b'0\t' * 4096))
check([clear] + [ljust] * 10, bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000))
check([clear] + [lower] * 10, bytearray(b'A' * 0x400000))
check([clear] + [rjust] * 10, bytearray(b'0' * 0x400000))
check([clear] + [swapcase] * 10, bytearray(b'aA' * 0x200000))
check([clear] + [title] * 10, bytearray(b'aA' * 0x200000))
check([clear] + [upper] * 10, bytearray(b'a' * 0x400000))
check([clear] + [zfill] * 10, bytearray(b'1' * 0x200000))
@unittest.skipUnless(support.Py_GIL_DISABLED, 'this test can only possibly fail with GIL disabled')
@threading_helper.reap_threads
@threading_helper.requires_working_threading()
def test_free_threading_bytearrayiter(self):
# Non-deterministic but good chance to fail if bytearrayiter is not free-threading safe.
# We are fishing for a "Assertion failed: object has negative ref count" and tsan races.
def iter_next(b, it):
b.wait()
list(it)
def iter_reduce(b, it):
b.wait()
it.__reduce__()
def iter_setstate(b, it):
b.wait()
it.__setstate__(0)
def check(funcs, it):
barrier = threading.Barrier(len(funcs))
threads = []
for func in funcs:
thread = threading.Thread(target=func, args=(barrier, it))
threads.append(thread)
with threading_helper.start_threads(threads):
pass
for _ in range(10):
ba = bytearray(b'0' * 0x4000) # this is a load-bearing variable, do not remove
check([iter_next] * 10, iter(ba))
check([iter_next] + [iter_reduce] * 10, iter(ba)) # for tsan
check([iter_next] + [iter_setstate] * 10, iter(ba)) # for tsan
@unittest.skipUnless(support.Py_GIL_DISABLED, 'this test can only possibly fail with GIL disabled')
@threading_helper.reap_threads
@threading_helper.requires_working_threading()
def test_free_threading_bytearray_resize(self):
def resize_stress(ba):
for _ in range(1000):
try:
ba.resize(1000)
ba.resize(1)
except (BufferError, ValueError):
pass
ba = bytearray(100)
threads = [threading.Thread(target=resize_stress, args=(ba,)) for _ in range(4)]
with threading_helper.start_threads(threads):
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()